Halkbilimi Bağlamında Türkiye’nin Kültür Politikaları ve Kültürel Diplomasi Uygulamaları
Özet
As in every period of political rupture or revolution, the pressure of industrialized powers,
which started in the 17th century and took effect in the 18th century, directly affected the
cultures of the societies exposed to this situation. In the historical process, the hegemony
established by Western powers over weak societies and countries in relation to
colonialist activities since the 18th century has been built on the change and
transformation of culture. In this regard, hegemony cannot be ignored in the construction
processes of nation-states. It becomes easier to achieve predetermined goals in the
cultural field with policies developed against hegemony. Cultural policy, as in other fields,
is seen as official programs that protect and develop the field in question and ensure the
implementation of practices. In addition, in determining the foreign policies of countries,
the third basis, in addition to their military and economic powers, are national cultural
elements. In this context, cultural diplomacy practices are of vital importance in the fight
of Turkish culture against globalization and in the protection and survival of national
culture.
In this study, the cultural policies established by governments since the establishment of
the Republic of Turkey were examined and the cultural diplomacy practices in the fields
of language, education and culture, which were initiated in the Republic of Turkey at the
end of the 20th century, were evaluated in the light of the methods and methods of the
Turkish folklore discipline. The fact that there is no study at the doctoral level yet on
working in the discipline of Turkish folklore has been effective in the realization of this
thesis. With this study, which will be considered the first in the field, the subjects and
concepts discussed from the perspectives of many disciplines are emphasized; Culture,
cultural policy, cultural diplomacy issues and Turkey's activities were discussed with a
holistic approach. Being an example for studies to be carried out in the following years
was accepted as one of the motivations for conducting the study.
