Edebiyat ve Sinemada Kurgusal Mekân Üretiminin Yaratıcılığa Etkisine Yönelik Bir Yöntem Önerisi

Abstract

Interior architecture, a discipline of creating space, has been intertwined with many fields of design, art and science since the period when its boundaries were determined and accepted as a discipline. Changes in social, economic and technological fields have brought different approaches and various innovations to the space design process. Since it is not possible to examine newly developing fields with a single discipline, the relationship between different disciplines has become even more important today. On the other hand, the boundaries of space are also changing and developing over time. The concept of space, which does not only consist of physical reality, has been handled and classified in different ways by many researchers throughout history. In this context, fictional spaces, with their freedom from the physical context, are positioned at an important point in terms of interacting with different disciplines by allowing imagination and creativity to be used more actively. Although the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in interior architecture education is frequently emphasized, when the relevant literature is examined, it is seen that interdisciplinary studies conducted with experimental methods to develop creative thinking skills remain in the minority. One of the main outcomes of interior architecture education, which aims to develop students' intuition, to enable them to think within the framework of scientific methods, and to raise designer individuals based on the use of contemporary technology and functional production principles, is to raise creative individuals who can use their imagination effectively. In this direction, the inclusion of interdisciplinary approaches in the education process in interior architecture education is important in terms of contributing to the development of students' creativity. In this study, it is aimed to put forward a new syllabus proposal that affects the development of creative thinking by establishing a relationship with literature and cinema with an interdisciplinary approach in the production of fictional space. The syllabus, which aims to produce fictional space by establishing a relationship with literature and cinema disciplines, is built on three basic elements consisting of "the elements that make up the fictional space", "TTCT parameters" and "TTCT activities". In this context, in line with the developed syllabus proposal, three hypotheses were established to examine the effect of producing fictional space by establishing a relationship with literature and cinema on students' creative thinking skills. In order to test the hypotheses formed within the scope of the research, both groups were administered the TTCT pretest before the 14-week curriculum developed to be applied to the experimental and control groups. At the end of the curriculum, both groups were administered the post-test. The data obtained from the TTCT pre-test and post-test constitute the quantitative data of the study. The qualitative data of the study consisted of the data obtained through the case study method, the data obtained in line with the syllabus applied during an academic semester, and the data obtained through the questionnaire form applied at the end of the syllabus. The first research hypothesis (1H1) is that "establishing a relationship with the discipline of literature in the production of fictional space develops creative thinking", the second research hypothesis (2H1) is that "establishing a relationship with the discipline of cinema in the production of fictional space develops creative thinking" and the third research hypothesis (3H1) is that "producing fictional space by establishing a relationship with the discipline of literature provides more opportunities for the development of creative thinking compared to producing fictional space by establishing a relationship with the discipline of cinema". This study was conducted with 46 students (27 females, 19 males) who took the "Architecture and Literature" and "Architecture and Cinema" courses at Istanbul Gedik University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design in the fall academic semester of 2022-2023 and who were selected based on the exclusion criteria determined by the researcher. The students taking the Architecture and Literature course constituted the experimental group and the students taking the Architecture and Cinema course constituted the control group. In order to test the hypotheses formed within the scope of the research, both groups were administered the TTCT pretest before the 14-week curriculum developed to be applied to the experimental and control groups. At the end of the curriculum, both groups were administered the post-test. The data obtained from the TTCT pre-test and post-test constitute the quantitative data of the study. The qualitative data of the study consisted of the data obtained through the case study method, the data obtained in line with the syllabus applied during an academic semester, and the data obtained through the questionnaire form applied at the end of the syllabus. According to the research findings obtained with qualitative and quantitative data; the first research hypothesis (1H1) that establishing a relationship with the discipline of literature in the production of fictional space develops creative thinking, the second research hypothesis (2H1) that establishing a relationship with the discipline of cinema in the production of fictional space develops creative thinking, and the third research hypothesis (3H1) that producing fictional space by establishing a relationship with the discipline of literature provides more opportunities for the development of creative thinking compared to producing fictional space by establishing a relationship with the discipline of cinema. This study reveals that interdisciplinary studies in the production of fictional space contribute positively to creative thinking skills. On the other hand, one of the most important methodological limitations of the study is that it was carried out only with a limited sample in the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design at Istanbul Gedik University and during one academic semester. The fact that the findings were obtained from a study group selected from a limited area weakens the possibility of generalization. In this context, in order to generalize the findings to a wider audience, it is recommended that the new syllabi developed within the scope of the study be integrated into the content of basic design, design studios or various applied courses in the interior architecture education program, or that new interdisciplinary approaches be created for applied studies in these courses, and that new research with latitudinal cross-sections be conducted. In addition, for future studies on creativity in interior architecture education, it is also recommended to develop measurement tools that can be linked to design principles or spatial parameters in order to measure the creative thinking skills of students receiving design education.