Balkan Göç Folkloru: Ankara İli Örneği

Abstract

Migration; it is the movement of displacement from the source (origin) region to the target region, individually or collectively, for various economic, political and geographical reasons. Migration has been experienced by various communities throughout human history. Turkish states and communities have sometimes been the subject and sometimes the object of migration movements in various geographies. Migration has had different goals and functions in Turkish history. The adventure of migration from the Turkestan lands, the homeland of the Turks, to the Balkan peninsula A.D.4. It was started by the Turkish communities in the 19th century, interrupted by the political changes of the peninsula, but the peninsula began to be re-conquered by the Ottoman Turks in the 13th century. The Turkish presence in the Balkan peninsula lasted for centuries, but was influenced by the nationalist movements in world politics and began to lose its influence in the Balkan geography. As a result of this event, there were gradual migrations from the Balkan cities, which were Ottoman lands, to the motherland Anatolia. During the Ottoman-Russian War (1877- 1878) and the subsequent Balkan Wars (1912-1913), which is considered to be the beginning of the date when the worst migration events in Turkish history will be experienced, massacres, genocides and atrocities were experienced in the migrations to Anatolia. Turks and Ottoman subjects Muslims (Bosniaks, Albanians) who came to the homeland as a result of these painful events were settled in various regions. Balkan migrations started in the 19th century in the historical process and continued until the beginning of the 21st century. In this context, many cities in the Anatolian geography have turned into areas where Balkan Turks and Muslims are settled. The resettlement activities were carried out under the supervision of the state, and the immigrants were placed primarily in cities such as Istanbul, Izmir, Çanakkale and Bursa, taking into account geographical proximity. vii

In addition to these, Ankara, Çorum, Adana, Sivas, Samsun and Nevşehir became the second settlement areas of Balkan immigrants. In this study, the Turks and Muslims who immigrated to Ankara for various reasons from the Balkan geography (Albania, Western Thrace, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Crimea-Romania, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Moldova (Gagauz Place), Greece) at different times as a result of the migration event, are discussed migration folklore. In this context, the history, folklore, language, culture and identity-belonging patterns of each region under the main umbrella of Balkan Migration Folklore were evaluated based on field research data;It has been determined that each community is a part of Turkish cultural ecology.