Erişkin Acil Servisine 2019-2020 Yıllarında Dispne Şikayeti ile Başvuran Hastaların Verilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Abstract

AKSAN A, Comparative Analysis Of Patients Admitted To Hacettepe University Emergency Department Due To Dyspnea In 2019 and 2020. Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is qualitatively expressed as a condition or experience characterized by a subjective difficulty in breathing, varying in intensity among patients. Dyspnea constitutes an important part of emergency department admissions and can occur due to many different diseases and pathogens. This single-center retrospective observational study was conducted in the emergency department of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine. The patients who applied to the emergency department with dyspnea between January-April 2019 and January-April 2020 were analyzed. Patients were evaluated in terms of vital signs, length of hospital stay, comorbidities, and outcomes. Same periods of 2019 and 2020 were compared in terms of these features. A total of 1159 patients were included in the study, in which 590 (%50,9) were male and 569 (%49,1) were female. While the median age for 2019 was 68 years (min- max: 18-98 years), it was 60 years (min- max: 19-98 years) for 2020. Patient groups were compared in terms of vital parameters and it was found that the body temperature and respiratory rate were higher in 2019. It was demonstrated that the rates of COPD, CHF, CAD, hypertension and extrapulmonary malignancies were higher in patients who were admitted in 2019. When the patient groups were evaluated in terms of their diagnoses, it was seen that COPD, bacterial pneumonia and congestive heart failure diagnoses were significantly more common in 2019. The patients were also compared in terms of length of stay in the emergency department and length of hospital stay. In 2019 the median lenght of stay in emergency department and hospitalization were found to be 12 hours and 13 days, respectively, and in 2020 it was 7 hours and 14 days, respectively. Although lenght of stay in the emergency room was shorter in 2020, no difference was found in terms of hospitalization time. In light of these findings, the main reason for the differences between 2019 and 2020 may be the Covid 19 pandemic. The patients in 2020 had lower median age and number of comorbidities. Vital signs of this group were also were better than the patients applied in the previous year. Rates of viral pneumonia were same in 2019 and 2020. (2019: 15%, 2020: 18,8%). However, it was found that the mortality rate due to viral pneumonia increased in 2020 (2019: 10.6% vs 2020: 35.9%). The results suggest that Covid-19 pandemic caused some significant differences between dyspneic patients applied to the emergency department between two consecutive years.