Long Term Follow-Up of the Patients with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Study

Abstract

Background: We aimed to evaluate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) related outcomes of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Methods: We retrospectively collected data from SCID patients who were diagnosed, followed up and survived at least 2 years after HSCT. Results: Forty four SCID patients were included in the study. Median age of HSCT and follow-up period after HSCT were 7.1 months and 8.7 years, respectively. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identical donors were used in 77.3% (n = 34) of the patients (23 siblings, six fathers, two mothers, three extended family donors), HLA 1–2 mismatched family donors in 11.3% (n = 5), and haploidentical family donors in 11.3% (n = 5). CD3 and CD19 counts were normal in more than 90% and in 45.4% at last follow-up, respectively. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) could be stopped in 72.7% (n = 32) after HSCT. B+ SCID patients had better CD19 counts than B- (p < .001). T cell numbers, lymphocyte proliferation, IVIG need, immunoglobulin levels, antibody responses did not differ among B- and B+ immunophenotypes. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was less in bone marrow transplanted patients (19.4%) than peripheral stem cell (58.3%) transplanted ones (p = .024). There was no correlation between age at transplantation and immune reconstitution. At the last follow-up, 70.2% and 78.3% of the patients had body weight and height above 3rd percentile, respectively. Conclusion: The immune reconstitution and the growth were normal in the majority of SCID patients after HSCT. It may be rational to use bone marrow instead of peripheral stem cell, as acute GVHD was less in bone marrow transplanted patients.