Afet Sonrası Geçici Yerleşim Alanlarının Seri Üretim Kavramı İle Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Mass production, which emerged as a production method after the Industrial Revolution, has turned into a concept to understand the process of design during history. This transformation causes the industry to dominate the architectural design and the designs to become standardized. Post-disaster temporary settlements, where standardization could be observed clearly, are the main subject of the thesis. Understanding the impact of designs of temporary settlements planned without considering the user/environment/cultural differences and designed with standard prescriptions in post-disaster rehabilitation process on disaster victims is the main motivation of this thesis. Therefore, temporary settlements established after the earthquake on the 24th of January 2020 in Elazığ have been examined. Elazığ has been determined as a data collection area because of a devastating earthquake that occured in planning process of the thesis and temporary settlements that been established there also contributed the decision-making process for data collection. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with disaster victims living in three temporary settlements located in different regions of Elazığ. The participants were asked questions about suitability of the temporary houses to climate and cultural characteristics of Elazığ, environmental characteristics in which the temporary settlement was established, attitude of the disaster victims to concept of mass production and whether they saw the place they lived as "home". As a result of the research, it has been found that temporary settlements that were not suitable for the characteristics of the region in which they were established and designed as a standardized type do not help victims to recover. On the contrary, they cause additional difficulties. While the environment, culture, climate, and human beings are not standardized and monotypes, the design being standardized makes it difficult for disaster victims to return to their daily life habits, especially after the disaster, and prevents them from seeing the place they live as "home". It is thought that the data obtained from this research will contribute to leave from standardized and dysfunctional designs in these areas by including regional features in post-disaster temporary settlement designs.

Keywords: Disaster, temporary housing, temporary settlement, mass production, standardized, Elazığ.