Türkiye’deki Ulusal Atık Verilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Özet
Management of waste data in Turkey, is the responsibility of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization. The collection of waste data, which started in 1990, has been progressively improved and has been monitored on-line since 2000. Waste is produced more every year as a result of the developing industry and advancing technology. It is also increasingly recorded with the use of the database. Data obtained in this respect are processed to form the waste profile of Turkey. In this study; the data obtained from the Waste Management Application (WMA) for the years 2009-2017 were compiled on the basis of provincial and waste codes, and then the data of the Human Development Index (HDI) and Industrial Development Index (HDI) of our country were compared. As a result of the comparison, a relationship between development indices and waste generation amounts could be established. In this study, which started after systematic waste data for the compilation and Turkey throughout 2009 it has been selected for 2009 and beyond. The most and least declared waste codes and quantities have been determined for each province. In addition, the reasons of unusual changes were tried to be determined by examining the changes of declared wastes over the years. The information obtained was listed within the framework of current waste legislation and its changes over the years were found. The inconsistencies found in the waste data indicate that there is a need to increase the controls on waste management and to raise awareness on waste management in Turkey. The most consistent change among waste data is seen in medical waste from hospitals. These wastes, which are declared every year after 2012, enable comparison with previous studies thanks
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to the consistency of the data. It is seen that there is a significant progress in the management of medical wastes in our country. After these evaluations, frequency analysis was performed on the results obtained in order to understand the frequency of waste generation. As a result of these analyzes, information such as the province that declares the most waste code in our country, the most declared waste code, how many of the waste codes specified in the legislation are used in the declaration process etc. has been reached. As a result of all these data obtained and evaluated, it is seen that there is a developing waste management system in our country. Between 2009 and 2017, a total of 74.783.178.79 tons of waste (19.015.716.65 tons of hazardous waste, 55.767.462.14 tons of non-hazardous waste) was declared in our country. The province with the highest amount of waste is Sivas with 10.461.544.61 tons. Sivas, is followed by; Mersin (9,418,544,56 tons), Kocaeli (7,573,993,13 tons), İzmir (7,503,634,61 tons) and Muğla (4,348,976,74 tons) respectively. The most declared waste code is 13.767.908.21 tonnes and 120101 code of ferrous metal burrs and sawdust waste. As of 2017, there are 1,988,032 industrial plants in our country. As a result of the calculations made on the amount of waste declared in 2017, the amount of hazardous waste per industrial facility throughout the country; 1,468 tons / industrial plant, non-hazardous waste amount; 8,475 tons / industrial plant. The total amount of waste per industrial facility is; 9,943 tons / industrial plant.
