İzole Gastrocnemius Kas Kısalığının Alt Ekstremite Biyomekanisi, Fonksiyon Ve Plantar Basınç Dağılımı Parametreleri Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the changes in lower extremity biomechanics, function and plantar pressure distribution parameters in individuals with isolated gastrocnemius muscle shortness. Using the Silfverskiold method, 21 individuals (mean age 22.80 ± 3.74 years) with isolated gastrocnemius muscle shortening and 23 healthy individuals (mean age 22.04 ± 3.56 years) without shortening were included in the study. Demographic data of individuals was received. For the lower extremity biomechanical evaluations of individuals in both groups; angular values of foot thumb, subtalar, ankle and knee joint range of motion, knee joint valgite angle and Q angle measurements, knee flexors and hip flexors muscle shortness were measured with an universal goniometer. The ankle functional dorsi flexion measurements were performed with the weight-bearing lunge test. Sacral inclination angle measurements were performed using the inclinometer, and lumbar extensor muscular shortness measurements were performed with the Modified Schober Test. The static and dynamic plantar pressure distribution measurements were performed using a pedobarography device. Foot Posture Index (API) was used in the evaluation of the foot postures of individuals, American Orthopedic Surgeons Association Ankle and Back Foot Scale (AOFAS) was used in the evaluation of the physical and functional conditions of the foot, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used in the evaluation of physical activity habits; Lower Extremity Functionality Scale (LEFS) was used in the evaluation of the lower extremity functionality levels. At the end of the study, it was found in individuals with isolated gastrocnemius muscle shortening compared to non-shortened individuals, the active and passive dorsiflexion movement of the ankle was limited (p<0.05), subtalar joint active and passive inversion movement was limited (p<0.05), knee joint flexion movement was limited (p<0.05), knee and hip flexor muscles were shortened (p<0.05), according to the weight-bearing lunge test, the ankle dorsiflexion was limited (p<0.05). As a result of static pedobarographic analysis, it was found that the pressure in the forefoot increased and the pressure in the rearfoot decreased in static plantar pressure values (p <0.05). As a result of dynamic pedobarographic analysis, it was found that the load on the rearfoot medial increased (p<0.05), and the pressure areas increased in the forefoot (p<0.05). According to the results of FPI, individuals with isolated gastrocnemius muscle shortness were found to have a pronation posture in their feet (p<0.05), and according to AOFAS results, their physical and functional status scores were low (p<0.05). According to the results, isolated gastrocnemius muscle shortness leads to biomechanical and functional changes in the lower extremity, and changes the plantar pressure areas and the loading form of the foot on the ground. during standing and walking.