Rudolf Nissen ve Türk Tıbbına Katkıları

Abstract

When the investigated the origin of medical relationship between Turkey and Germany, it is seen that the relations between the two countries have existed since ancient times and these relations, whose intensity changes from time to time, continue to this day. Other important factors that is not related to medicine play a major role in the development of these relations between the two countries. In particular, political and economic relations lead to gain in strength to cultural and scientific ties between the two countries. Indeed, When in 1933 the new Republic of Turkey reconstruction request about especially the education in the field of way modern and contemporary intersects with the negative political conditions caused by the ultra-nationalist movements in Europe and especially in Germany, it leads to positive result for hundreds of scientists who have been denied the right to produce science because of both Turkish higher education and fascist pressures. Turkish medicine, which has been developing since the Ottoman Empire, makes its’ biggest leap with a revolutionary decision that taken by Republic for higher education life; 1933 University Reform. During reform process, German scientists who immigrated to Turkey contribute to Turkish medicine and education seriously. Among these, He stands out with, as a genius surgeon, new surgical methods that have entered the medical literature which is developed by him, and also, his role with Philip Schwartz in agreemants that worked with together Turkish government about migration of German scientes toTurkey. In 1933, when he was only 37 years old, Nissen, who was appointed as the Director of the First Surgery Clinic of Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine with the title of Ordinarius Professor, performs very efficient work until the end of 1939 at Cerrahpaşa Surgery Clinic. By developing new surgical techniques, he makes great contributions to world surgery and Turkish surgery with Turkish surgeons who trained by him. In this study, with the main source of the memoirs written by Rudolf Nissen, It will be discussed that Prof. Nissen innovations brought to Turkish medical education in his time in Turkey, the surgical methods that are still valid in the medical literature and their contributions to Turkish surgery with many valuable Turkish surgeons and the importance of these contributions in terms of Turkish and world science history within the framework of university reform and Turkish-German medical relations.