Behçet Hastalığında Arka Segment Yapıların Multimodal Görüntülenmesi

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to describe multimodal imaging modalities including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in eyes with Behçet's uveitis (BU) and to compare these findings with those of nonocular Behçet's and healthy controls.

Material and Methods

Clinically active and inactive BU, NOB and healthy controls were evaluated using OCT (Heidelberg Spectralis) and OCTA (Zeiss Angioplex). On OCT, central macular thickness, retinal segmentation analysis of nerve fiber, ganglion cell, inner plexiform, inner nuclear, outer plexiform, outer nuclear retinal pigment epithelial layer thickness were done with the software of the device. Superficial capillary plexus vascular and perfusion densities (mm / mm2 and %) were measured on 3x3, 6x6 and 8x8 mm images with the software of the OCTA device (Angioplex Metrix). Perfusion density and flow index of optic nerve head were measured by the software of the OCTA device (Angioplex Metrix). Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimetry and FAZ circularity was measured for superficial capillary plexus with Angioplex Metrix, for the measurements in deep capillary plexus Image J program was employed.

Results

Seventeen active active (28 eyes), 38 inactive (62 eyes), 20 NOB (40 eyes) patients and 33 healthy controls (66 eyes) were included in the study. The mean visual acuity was 0.63 in active BU, 0.55 in inactive BU, and 1.0 in nonocular Behçet's disease. In the eyes with inactive BU; central macular thickness, nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer thickness were significantly lower than those of active BP, NOB and control groups. In eyes with inactive BP, capillary vessel density was lower than both NOB and control groups. This also applied to perfusion density. The perfusion density in the deep capillary plexus was lower in inactive BU groups when compared to NOB and control groups. In the superficial capillary plexus, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of FAZ area and circularity, but FAZ circularity was significantly higher in inactive BP. In the deep capillary plexus, the FAZ area and perimetry were significantly higher and there was a significant deterioration in the circularity values of both active and inactive BU compared to NOB and controls.

Discussion

OCT and OCTA provides important information for the evaluation of anatomical structure and superficial and deep capillary plexuses of the posterior segment. Superficial capillary plexus vascular density and perfusion densities were found to be affected in inactive BP, and significant differences were found in the measurement of FAZ area and perimetry in the active and inactive BP in the deep capillary plexus.