Türk Gazeteciliğinin Yeni Edebiyatın Doğuşuna Etkisi (1860-1876)

Abstract

There is a strong bond between literature and newspapers in Turkish journalism that began to develop during the second half of the nineteenth century. Newspapers have positively influenced literature and directly influenced the development of new literature. In this thesis study, entitled Influence of Turkish Journalism to Modern Turkish Literature (1860-1876), the aim is to reveal the level of the roles played by the newspapers, Tercüman-ı Ahval, Tasvir-i Efkâr, İbret, Hadika and Basiret, in the rise of contemporary Turkish literature between 1860-1876, a.k.a. the Tanzimat reform era, and to demonstrate the literary activity in such newspapers. The starting point of the study is based on the idea that by thinking outside the box with regard to the newspapers published in this period, and by addressing each one individually, it will contribute to a better evaluation of the period in which the foundations of a new literary were laid. In addition to the introduction, the thesis comprises two parts, including the development of the printing press and the rise of journalism, as well as information about the functions of the newspaper as a periodical. In the first part, the repercussions of the Ottoman Empire’s endeavors in terms of Occidentalization, which prepared the ground for the rise and development of Turkish journalism, were drawn within a general framework within the social and cultural environment. Then, their importance was considered in terms of Occidentalization efforts, the printing activities in the empire and, starting from the very first one, the specific Turkish newspapers that were being published until 1876 were evaluated in the general context. In the second part of the thesis, the Tercüman-ı Ahval, Tasvir-i Efkâr, İbret, Hadika and Basiret newspapers, which were published between 1860-1876, were evaluated according to various themes that were identified, taking into consideration the contents of such newspapers. An attempt has been made to substantiate the role played by these newspapers in the rise of the new literature, by means of examples consisting of data on the theater, which is considered as a noteworthy literary genre in newspapers, book promotions, serials, and articles on the press, language and education.