Dwight D. Eisenhower'ın Birinci Başkanlık Döneminde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri-Türkiye İlişkileri 1953 1957

Abstract

This study is about how the United States of America-Turkey relations were shaped during the first presidential term of Dwight D. Eisenwoher 1953-1957 within the framework of Middle East Security against Soviet expansion in the context of early stage strategy of the Cold War. President Eisenhower developed policies to make Turkey play an active part in the defense of the Western block to prevent the efficacy of the Soviet Union in its southern wing in the geography of the Middle East, in which the USA had vital interests. In this context Turkey took an active part in the Western block as a loyal ally in the policy of alliances in the Middle Eastern security system. The primary purpose of the Eisenhower administration’s policies is to create a stable Turkey, both economically and politically, in the light of defense policy implementations. However, economic turmoil in Turkey, particularly after 1953, caused Washington to face substantial problems in the search of stability in Ankara. The more Turkey needed American aid to cope with the economic turmoil created by its struggle for economic development, the more its feature of being a loyal ally started to be questioned by policy makers of the Eisenhower administration. However, Turkey’s unique geostrategic location in the Middle Eastern geography has always helped her play a key role in Western security policies; also Turkey has always used her particular location as leverage before Washington. This constituted the typical nature of the Turkish Cold War. Thus, in the Syrian Crisis of 1957, Turkey demonstrated the ability to use the Eisenhower administration’s concern with the expansion of international communism, which constituted the primary item of the Cold War strategy, for her own interests.