Anadolu Sahası Türk Masallarının Holbek Yöntemine Göre İncelenmesi

Abstract

Folktale genre has a special place among the narrative products of Turkish folk culture. Folktales are the reflections adorned with extraordinary events inside the cultural memory that is generated through creative and intellectual world and archetypal structure of ordinary people. Contrary to popular belief, this genre, which was previously thought to be told only for the purpose of entertaining children, was found to be very systematic and complex structures by scientists. Hence, the researchers tried to reveal the vast world of folktale genre with different methods and approaches. Tales have a special language encoded in the text and they cannot be easily understood by everyone. Danish folklorist, Bengt Holbek is one of those who have worked to reveal the hidden language and meaning of the tales. Bengt Holbek forms the method of movement interpretation by combining the fairy-tale functions of Vladimir Propp, Elli Köngäs-Maranda’s thematic contradictions and fairy-tale interpretation approaches. He applied this method to the fairy tales collected in Denmark. In this study, the technique created to examine Indo-European tales is introduced and Turkish tales collected and recorded in Anatolia are studied in accordance with Bengt Holbek’s interpretation technique. In addition to fairy tales, realistic tales, cumulative tales and animal tales were also included in the study in order to test the usefulness and applicability of the method. As a result, the cultural codes hidden in the tales were interpreted and the underlying implicit meanings in the tale texts were revealed. So, it is determined that Turkish tales are how rich cultural treasury.