Mikrobiyal Selülozun Boya Gideriminde Kullanımının Araştırılması

Abstract

In this study, isolation of microorganisms in Kombucha tea and their identification, production of microbial cellulose with Kombucha culture, characterization of the cellulose that was obtained and use of microbial cellulose for removal of various dyes were aimed. Komagataeibacter saccharivorans LN886705 which is cellulose- producing bacterium, Brettanomyces anomalus KY103303 and Brettanomyces bruxellensis MH393498, both belonging to the same genus, were isolated from Kombucha mixed culture. Microbial cellulose production was performed in a black tea medium using the Kombucha mixed culture. The microbial cellulose produced was evaluated by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) image and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), TGA (Thermogravimetric analysis), XRD (X-ray diffraction analysis) analyzes. The removal rates of Malachite Green, Bromophenol Blue, Bismark Brown Y, Orange G, Reactive Blue 221, Acridine Orange, Trypan Blue, Reactive Green 19, and Indigo Carmine dyestuffs were investigated with the produced microbial cellulose. The highest dye removal was observed in Trypan Blue and Acridine Orange dye. Later in our study, the effects of the initial pH, adsorbent dosage, dye concentration and contact time, which are important environmental factors for the removal of Trypan Blue and Acridine Orange dyes with adsorbent microbial cellulose, were determined and suitable conditions were identified for dye removal. It was established that Trypan Blue dye, an anionic dye, had the highest removal with microbial cellulose at pH 4, 50 ppm concentration and 2% adsorbent dosage. The removal rates of Trifan Blue and Acridine Orange dyes with microbial cellulose were 75% and 79% in half an hour, 89% and 80% in one hour and 99% and 93% in 24 hours, respectively. It was observed that microbial cellulose removed a large amount of dyes in a short amount of time. After 24 hours of incubation, 94% of Trypan Blue dye was removed by using microbial cellulose at pH 3 to 8, and Acridine Orange dye was removed above 90% at pH 7 to 11. After 4 hours with microbial cellulose use as low as 0.5%, it was determined that the ratio of dye decolorization was up to 90% for both dyes and this ratio increased with the increase in the amount of cellulose. In addition, the removal rate of 94% at the end of 24 hours was reached in the environment containing Trypan Blue in high concentrations such as 150 ppm, the rate of 80% was reached in the environment containing Acridine Orange under the same conditions. The results demonstrate that the Kombucha culture is suitable for low-cost microbial cellulose production in tea culture and that the microbial cellulose produced removes Trypan Blue and Acridine Orange dyes effectively.