Bir Tedarikçi Yönetim Sistemi Tasarımı ve Hızlı Moda Endüstrisine Uygulaması
Özet
Due to highly dynamic structure of global competitive market, companies face various problems and difficulties in order to meet the increasing and ever-changing customer demands in introducing a product into the market at the desired quality level, in the shortest time and at the lowest cost. The most important factor to overcome these difficulties and problems is the organization and management of a strong supply chain. For any organization to maintain their competitiveness, it is very important to establish a strong cooperative business environment with high reliability of suppliers. Therefore, supplier selection is a very important and multi-stage strategic decision-making problem for organizations. In this study, it is aimed to design a supplier management system for evaluation and selection of suppliers according to determined criteria, optimum order allocation, evaluation of order performance and time-based monitoring of performances of suppliers. Suppliers are divided into three main groups as potential, candidate and approved. Then, an integrated methodology is proposed. The proposed methodology is composed of a potential supplier selection and evaluation system, an order distribution system, a potential and candidate supplier order evaluation system, an approved supplier order evaluation system and a performance monitoring system. First of all, a quantitative SWOT analysis method is proposed for evaluation and selection of potential suppliers. Evaluation criteria of quantitative SWOT analysis were determined and weights of the criteria were calculated by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). An integer linear programming model has been developed with respect to various constraints to determine the initial trial order performance of the selected potential suppliers. Then, in order to evaluate order performances of potential, candidate and approved suppliers, dynamic performance evaluation criteria were determined and the criteria weights were calculated with AHP. Then, a weighted order performance scoring method was proposed. How to transfer potential suppliers to approved supplier pools by evaluation of trial order performance of potential suppliers is explained. Then, based on past quality and delivery order performance of candidate and approved suppliers, an Integer Programming (IP) model is developed for minimization of cost. In addition, an Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) decision chart is proposed to monitor order performances of suppliers based on time sequence and orders. Finally, in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, an application study is carried out with the data obtained from a pioneer garment company that adopt fast fashion strategy, which is a business strategy aiming to reduce the processes in the buying cycle and minimizing lead times to supply growing variety of new fashion products into stores, in order to satisfy continuously changing consumer demand in the global textile industry. As a result of the study, a supplier management system has been designed. This system can be adapted to all industries with dynamic supply chain and can be applied easily to organizations with variable and multiple-supplier environments, especially to the companies that adopt the fast fashion trend. Although, suppliers may show a good performance in certain orders, they may fail to sustain their performance in the next period, for even delivering the same product type. Therefore, with the proposed supplier management system, weighted scorings of past order performances of the suppliers are used for effective performance monitoring over time.
