Berlin’deki Türk Göçmenlerin Suriyeli Mültecilere Yönelik Görüş ve Tutumları Üzerine Bir Çalışma: Berlin/ Almanya Örneği

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the attitudes and opinions of Turkish migrants living in Germany towards Syrian refugees who fled their homes to escape to Germany after Syrian civil war crisis. In this study, mixed methods research design which combines quantitative and qualitative research methods used. The sample of this study is Turkish migrants who live in Berlin, Germany. The migrants were choosen from the ones who lives in Germany for more than 5 years and are older than 25 years old. In order to collect data, a demographic information form and Attitudes towards Syrian refugees scale was used in the quantitave stage and a semi-structured interview form was used in the qualitative stage. In the quantitative stage of the study, 129 people were reached, while qualitative study was conducted with 9 people. Quantitative datas were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 21 package program and qualitative datas were analyzed using MAXQDA2018 program. According to the results obtained in the quantitative phase of the research findings of immigrants from Turkey living in Germany, it is found that there were no significant differences on the perspectives of Syrian refugees in terms of demographic datas. There was also no significant difference in terms of gender on the items of the point of view for Syrian refugees scale. Statistically significant difference was found only in items 6, 8 and 21 on education level of the participants. When results from qualitative datas were analyzed, it is found that Turkish migrants living in Germany remark the problems of Syrian refugees as exclusion, integration, shelter, language, and unemployment. When common problems were asked, migrants mentioned about exclusion, language, and unemployment. Different sides of the experienced problems were indicated by Turkish migrants as difference in language and education opportunities, finding job, residence permit. The thoughts on integration problems of Syrian refugees were found as integration to the social structure, facing problems on learning language, negative attitutes of refugees about working. When thoughts on the necessary implementations about integration were asked, migrants mentioned that refugees should make an effort, they need to be included in the labour market, and there should be implementations to raise awareness and education level of refugees. According to Turkish migrants’ opinions on the attitudes of Germans towards Turkish migrants after the Syrian refugee influx to Germany were asked next. Half of the opinions were about observing positive change but some thoughts were indicating no difference on attitudes of Germans who are educated and conscious enough to differantiate migrant groups. The opinions of Turkish migrants on Syrians who would prefer to stay in Germany even though the conflict finishes are found as; it is not problem for most, and there are also participants who think it is going to cause problems and who think Syrian refugees will not turn back once they settle. When it is asked to evaluate refugee problem, Turkish migrants mostly commented on the importance of the problem, what needs to be done on this problem, how the problem is saddening, and recent hardship of the process. Lastly, when thoughts on past and present policies were asked and Turkish migrants indicated the difference between migrant groups, change of the services and policies, and difference between the discourses of politicians and real life implementations.