Postmenopozal Obez Kadınlarda On Haftalık Aerobik Egzersizin Serum Osteokalsin, Adipositokinler ve Glikoz Dengesi Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

In the postmenopausal period, reduction in estradiol, as well as an increase in adiposity, lead to deterioration in bone health. In addition, increase in adiposity adversely affects bone health and results in an increased risk of inflammation and insulin resistance. On the other hand, participation in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (AET) is known as an important means of both to prevent and to treat obesity-induced health problems. When the interactions among bone, obesity, and muscle are taken into consideration, how aerobic exercise training would affect leptin, adiponectin, irisin, osteocalcin and glucose homeostasis, which play a substantial role in this interaction, in postmenopausal obese women has not been investigated yet. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of 10 weeks of aerobic exercise training on adipocytokines, bone turnover markers and glucose homeostasis in postmenopausal obese women (PMOW). Twenty-four PMOW (body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m2) volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were randomly assigned into either control (n=12) or exercise (n=12) group. Control group was asked not to change their dietary habits or physical activity level. Exercise group participated in AET (25-40 min/day, 3 days/week at 50-70% of heart rate reserve) for 10 weeks. Pre- and post-exercise intervention blood samples were collected, food intake was recorded and analysed, and body composition and VO2max were measured. General linear model/repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse treatment effects, group differences and treatment-group interactions. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between variables. Body weight, fat mass and BMI significantly decreased in exercise group (p<0.05), while no change was observed in control group. Exercise improved the VO2max and time to exhaustion in exercise group. Additionally, exercise decreased the glucose level and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (p<0.01), however had no effect on insulin or HOMA-IR level. Exercise protocol did not exert any substantial effect on CRP, leptin, adiponectin, irisin, CTX, osteocalcin, or bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) in the exercise group (p>0.05). Training-induced changes in CTX inversely associated with the changes in leptin and waist circumference (r values: -0.65; -0.63). Also, changes in BAP inversely correlated with the changes in HbA1c (r=-0.63). Findings of this study indicate that 10 weeks AET increases cardiorespiratory fitness level and improves body composition and glucose homeostasis in PMOW. However, the effect of such an exercise model on adipocytokines and bone formation markers in PMOW is limited.