Ven Tıkanıklığına İkincil Makula Ödeminde Intravitreal Ranibizumab Enjeksiyonu ve Deksametazon İmplant Tedavileri Uygulanan Olguların Görsel ve Anatomik Sonuçlarının Retrospektif Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare anatomical and visual results of intravitreal ranibizumab injection and dexametasone implant treatments in macular edema secondary to vein occlusion. For this purpose, 50 patients, 25 undergoing dexametasone implant (Group 1) and 25 undergoing ranibizumab injection (Group 2), were included in the study. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with ETDRS charts and macular thickness were evaluated retrospectively. The average age of the patients was 60.7 ± 12.08 (34-87) years. In 64% hypertension, 18% coroner artery disease, 14% hyperlipidemia, 10% diabetes mellitus was accompanying vein occlusion. Average follow-up time in dexametasone implant group was 11.3 ± 4.3 (3-20) months and in ranibizumab group 14.7 ± 7.6 (4-28) months. During this periods in group 1 average 2.2 ± 1.2 (1-5) implants and in group 2 5.8 ± 3.5 (1-13) injections were applied. The number of treatments in ranibizumab group were significantly more (p=0.00). In group 1, improvement in BCVA compared to baseline BCVA was statistically significant in first, second, third and sixth month; in group 2 that was only statistically significant in second and sixth month and was not significant in first month (p=0.15). When the 2 groups were compared, improvement in BCVA in first and second months was significantly more in group 1 (p=0.022 in first month, p=0.005 in second month). Decrease in macular edema was statistically significant in both groups (p=0.00). When complications were evaluated, cataract progression was more in group 1 than group 2. There was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups according to development of retinal neovascularization. Rise in intraocular pressure was significant in dexametasone group but only one patient needed medical treatment. In conclusion, both intravitreal ranibizumab injection and dexametasone implant had positive effect on anatomic and visual results in retinal vein occlusion associated macular edema, but with dexametasone implant this effect could be provided with less number of injections.