Çimento Üretiminden Kaynaklanan Sera Gazı Emisyonlarının Hesaplanması

Abstract

The cement industry constitutes 7,2% of Turkey’s emission. Industrial transactions also have the highest share. During the cement production process the clinker production stage causes CO2 formation. Carbonate-containing raw materials are reacted with high temperature, resulting in CO2 emissions. For this reason, an integrated pilot plant was chosen as a part of the thesis and both greenhouse gas and process greenhouse gas emissions were calculated. IPCC methods (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) and CSI calculation tool were used at the first stage of the study and greenhouse gas emissions were obtained by 4 different methods for 2015, 2016 and 2017. According to the method differences, emissions in three years were found to be 828.017,87 tons CO2 – 1.270.674,26 tons CO2. It is found that the indeterminate accounts made of the most reliable IPCC methods are the resultant Tier 3. (Tier 3 uncertainty is between 3-7%, about 20% of Tier 1-2). In addition, the similarity between CSI and Tier 3 method results in an increase in the reliability of Tier 3. Because the CSI calculation module is a module that automatically calculates the emission calculation when special data entries are made. In the second stage of the thesis, the facility was assessed in using waste as an alternative fuel. Within three years of calculation, it was found that 70.980, 45 tons of CO2 emissions were prevented from being used as a result of ATY use. In addition to saving CO2, it achieved a fossil fuel gain of 2609 TJ, contributing to the efficient use of natural resources. In the last stage of the thesis, the plant’s waste utilization rate was adapted to Turkey’s overall cement industry and various scenarios were produced. The scenario shows how much environmental benefit can be achieved by using the ATY as well as the general pilot plant. At the end of the adaptation, 10,2 Mt CO2 emissions could be prevented in the three years. At the same time, it has been observed that the storage of 5.903,31 Gg of waste can be avoided and the consumption of fossil fuel of 175.201,39 TJ can be prevented. Today, the continuous growth observed in the construction sector continues. With infrastructure and road construction, urban transformation applications, third airport construction and Çanakkale Bosphorus Bridge construction projects, cement requirements are expected to increase. Considering the increase in capacity to be experienced in the sector, it was understood that the use of ATY would be beneficial in terms of natural resource productivity and air pollution.