Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesinde Bulunan Eski Tunç Çağı Ağırşak ve Ağırlıkları

Abstract

TALAAKAR, Aynur. Early Bronze Age Spindle Whorls and Loom Weights in Anatolian Civilizations Museum, Master Thesis, Ankara, 2018. "Textile", which is defined as a kind of hand craft, is considered as one of the oldest technological systems. In the first part of this study, the focus is given on the origin of textile and raw materials and processing methods used in the production of textiles have been examined. In the second part, looms and loom weights together with spindles and spindle whorls, the oldest tools used in textile industry, have been evaluated. In the same chapter, first textile examples and the importance of dressing in the social interactions of the human being as a social entity have been assessed. In the settlements dated to the Early Bronze Age, as in other parts of Anatolia, also around Ankara, many weaving tools in the excavations were found. In the following parts of this study, the findings of the excavations carried out around Ankara such as Ahlatlıbel, Karaoğlan, Ilıca, Karayavşan, Eti Yokuşu, Bitik, Polatlı Höyük, Çayyolu Höyük ve Çömlek Tepe have been examined where weaving tools spindle whorls and loom weights have been discovered and their interactions with near settlements are given comparatively. In the last part, spindle whorls and loom weights unique to Ankara region were evaluated in terms of type, construction technique and decoration. Within the borders of Ankara province, total number of 331 spindle whorls dated to Early Bronze Age in 9 different centers have been examined. 9 main groups and 21 subgroups were identified. Most of the spindle whorls were composed of earth ware while only few of them were composed of stone and 134 of them were without decoration while 197 of them had been decorated. 70 different types of figures composed of geometric and plant motifs were identified. ix Among loom weights, most of which are made of terracotta and few are made of stone which have been examined under 5 main groups, total of 35 findings were examined within the scope of study.