Carl Stamıtz’in Re Majör Viyola Konçertosu ve Müzikte Klasik Dönem

Abstract

Even though the classical period is shorter than other periods, it has been the scene of radical changes in the history of music. With the great changes in musical forms and orchestral structure, the ornate and exaggerated glory of the baroque era has left its place to pureness and naturality. Through the schools established, many different and pathbreaking styles emerged. One of these schools was Mannheim, established by Johann Stamitz, had the most important place among them, with its orchestra and musicians trained. Carl Stamitz, a member of this school, was not only a viola, a viola d'amore and a violin virtuoso, but also an important composer of his time. Stamitz shaped his position by emphasizing the value of both instruments with his viola and viola d'amore compositions. Composer’s re major viola concerto proves that viola, seen as an orchestral instrument, can also be a solitary instrument. This concerto, which is included in the curriculum of the conservatories and accepted as compulsory work in the entrance exams of many symphonies, chamber and opera orchestras, has become one of the most important concertos of viola literature. In this study, the changes and developments experienced in the classical period are expressed in detail. Besides this, school of Mannheim, Johann Stamitz, who has an important position in this institution, and the musical lifes of his sons Carl and Anton Stamitz are mentioned. Furthermore, the developments in the form of classical period concerto were examined and form analysis of the repertoire viola concerto composed by Carl Stamitz was investigated in terms of period characteristics. As a result, in the light of the classical period features and the form analysis of the concerto which has an important place in the viola history, it is aimed to be a guide especially for the students who will study in the conservatory or music faculties and for the artists who will perform the concerto.