Yetişkin Bireylerde Obezitenin Depresyon, Benlik Saygısı, Yeme Tutumu ve Beslenme Durumu Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Sağlam, Z. The effect of obesity on depression, self-esteem, eating attitude and nutritional status in adult individuals, Hacettepe University Institute of Health Sciences, M.Sc. Thesis in Dietetics Programme, Ankara, 2018. Obesity and depression are public health problems that affect community health negatively and have widespread prevalence. This study aims to identify the correlation between obesity and depression, eating disorder and self-esteem by comparing normal and obese adults’ nutritional statuses. Total 380 volunteer adults (mean age 39.0±10,67 years) has participated in the study, 190 obese (BMI above 30kg/m2) and 190 healthy (BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2) individuals, who has applied to a private hospital in İstanbul. In order to compare individual depression status, self-esteem and eating attitude scales (Beck Depression Scale / BDS, Cooper Smith Self Esteem Inventory / CSSEI, Eating Attitude Test) have been applied and nutritional statuses have been evaluated by one-day food consumption and anthropometric measurements. Overall eating disorder rate in the study has been 9.9% and in the male and female individuals of the obese group this rate is determined to be higher (respectively 10.8% and 17.5%, p<0.05). The analysis of the emotional eating attitude has shown a significant statistical increase in the in-take of appetite/food in the obese group (46.8%) compared to the normal weight group (22.1%) (p<0.05). The BDS scores of the individuals in both groups (8.1±7.4 points) are found to be similar (p<0.05). In the study, the rate of showing moderate / severe depressive symptoms (≥17 points) has been observed higher in the males and females in the normal group (15.9% and 14.9%) than the individuals in the obese group (8.7% and 11.3%). Obese females have been observed to show higher tendency severe depressive symptoms. The individuals in both groups had high scores (79.3%, CSSEI mean score 86,5±14,1) according to CSSEI but when evaluated by gender it has been seen that the rate of low self-esteem female individuals (7.3%) are higher than low self-esteem male individuals (5.5%). No significant difference has been found in the in-take of energy and macro nutritional elements of both obese and normal weight individuals (p<0.05). As a result of this study it has been shown especially in the female individuals there is a correlation with depression, eating disorder and self-esteem. An important approach for the prevention and the treatment of obesity is to examine the cause and effect relation between obesity and depression, eating disorder and nutritional status. Keywords: Obesity, Depression, Self-esteem, Eating Attitude, Nutritional Status