Parametrik Tasarım Yönteminin Sürdürülebilir İç Mekanlarda Doğal Aydınlatmaya Etkisi

Abstract

MENDİLCİOĞLU, Rıza Fatih. Effect of Parametric Design Method on Natural Lighting in Sustainable Spaces, Ankara, 2017. SUMMARY The relationship between architecture and science, technology, which has been in perpetual connection through the human history, has further strengthened especially since the second half of the nineteenth century. The technological developments that emerged from industrial revolution have transformed the social and cultural structures of the societies. Modern architecture has been one of the greatest and most influential outcomes of the mentioned transformation. In fact, it deeply affected twenty century architecture throughout the entire centennial, the architectural philosophies that have developed after it, was conducted as a reaction to it or pursued its path. The post-modernist world, especially since the 1960s, has witnessed great changes and progresses at least as much as the past. These changes conduced to the questioning of modernism in architecture, which provoked to the emergence of postmodernism. On the other hand, the rapid development of the industry compared to the past generated immense environmental pollution all over the world, many scientists dealt with the matter in 1960s and environmental awareness of the society were tried to be enhanced. The development of environmental awareness combined ecology and sustainability concepts with architecture, sustainable design has begun to gain recognition in society even though it was slow. Traditional architectural approach has failed to satisfy the fundamental criteria of the sustainable architecture such as natural energy and natural light, and those needs have been attempted to be solved by technological developments. Again in the 1960s, with the developing technology, computers came into the business life, and the mathematical and algorithmic based structure of the computer aroused the attention of the pioneering architects. The concept of digital design, in particular with the 1990s, had a Deleuze philosophy-based infrastructure under the leadership of architect and theorist Greg Lynn and the relationship of philosophy-technology and architecture has been formed. Since the early days of digital architecture, parametric algorithms which are the most important sources of digital design have attracted the attention of architects since they have incorporated in to the design process as constraints all types of concepts and geometries that they taken into their structures and they improved the design with its all criteria. In the course of time, the gaining importance of the parametric algorithms in creating architectural forms by transforming them in a design tool on their own has been the commencement of the parametric architecture. Architects have incorporated the criteria such as topography, climate, sunlight, number of users, function and so on that are involved with the structure with geometries they determined into the design process and they have had the chance to produce designs in interaction with all the architectural criteria, The ability of parametric design to incorporate all the criteria of any architectural project into the design process has aroused the attention of those interested in sustainable architecture, they have started to design structures which were shaped with parametric algorithms that were based on the concept of sustainability. In this study, the positive effects of parametric design approach on sustainable places will be discussed with examples from abroad and with the sample project conducted on this matter, and the possibilities and possible limitations that parametric design brings to the places when used together with sustainable design will be explored.