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Metabolik Olarak Sağlıklı Olan Hafif Şişman ve Obez Bireylerin Beslenme, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

dc.contributor.advisorBilgiç, Pelin
dc.contributor.authorÖteleş, Sümeyra
dc.date.accessioned2017-09-07T13:32:58Z
dc.date.available2017-09-07T13:32:58Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.date.submitted2017
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dc.identifier.uri10162246
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11655/3943
dc.description.abstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of factors such as nutrition, physical activity and quality of life contributing to metabolic health on metabolically healthy and overweight/obese individuals. A total of 87 voluntary women aged between 19 and 50 years, who did not have diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidemia and were not pregnant and in the menopausal period having normal body mass index (18,50-24,99 kg/m2) and overweight/obese (BKİ ≥25 kg/m2) were included in the study. A questionnaire was performed to examine the overall characteristics of the individuals, and the data of the anthropometrical measurements and body composition were obtained. The health-related quality of life of the individuals was evaluated using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) quality of life questionnaire, whereas duration of physical activity and sedentary periods were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In addition, a 24-hour retrospective food consumption record form was used to evaluate a total of two-day food consumption, one day on weekdays and the other day on weekends. The dietary quality of individuals was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) scale. Based on our study results, 56% of overweight/obese individuals were found to be metabolically healthy. Metabolically healthy (MH) overweight/obese individuals were found to have a higher HEI score than the overweight/obese metabolically unhealthy (MU) participants (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between MH overweight/obese and MH normal weighted individuals’s the scores of total HEI score and HEI components (p>0.05). The waist circumference of MH overweight/obese individuals was found to be lower than MU slightly overweight/obese participants (p<0.05). There was no significant difference for physical function and physical role strength of the SF-36 quality of life components between MH and MU overweight/obese participants (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the MS normal and MS obese individuals in terms of quality of life components (p>0.05). Although of MH overweight/obese individuals’s physical activity scores were higher, there was no significant difference between in the MH and MU oveweight/obese individuals. The underlying factors in the development of the MS phenotype, which is resistant to the metabolic risk factors of obesity, have been discussed in recent years and it is emphasized that lifestyle factors may be a distinctive factor. Identifying the possible effects of lifestyle factors such as healthy nutrition and active life on the development of the obese phenotype of MS will be useful in the treatment of obesity.tr_TR
dc.description.sponsorshipBeslenme ve Diyetetiktr_TR
dc.description.tableofcontentsONAY SAYFASI iii YAYIMLAMA ve FİKRİ MÜLKİYET HAKLARI BEYANI iv ETİK BEYAN SAYFASI v TEŞEKKÜR vi ÖZET vii ABSTRACT viii İÇİNDEKİLER ix SİMGE VE KISALTMALAR xii ŞEKİLLER xiv TABLOLAR xv 1.GİRİŞ 1 1.1. Kuramsal yaklaşımlar ve Kapsam 1 1.2. Amaç ve Hipotez 4 2.GENEL BİLGİLER 6 2.1. Obezite nedir? 6 2.2. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Obezite Görülme Sıklığı 10 2.3. Metabolik Olarak Sağlıklı Obezite 11 2.4. Metabolik Olarak Sağlıklı Obezite Prevelansı 14 2.5. Potansiyel Koruyucu Faktörler 16 2.5.1. Genetik ve Biyolojik Faktörler 16 2.5.2. Vücut Kompozisyonu 17 2.5.3. Yaşam Tarzı Faktörleri ve Yaşam Kalitesi 19 3. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM 21 3.1. Araştırma Yeri, Zamanı Ve Örneklem Seçimi 21 3.2. Araştırma Genel Planı 22 3.2.1. Genel Özellikler 23 3.2.2. Biyokimyasal Bulgular 23 3.2.3. Kan Basıncı 23 3.2.4. Antropometrik Ölçümler 23 3.2.5. Besin Tüketimi Durumun Saptanması 24 x 3.2.6. Fiziksel Aktivite Durumu 24 3.2.7. Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi 24 3.3. SYİ-2005 Puanı Hesaplaması 26 3.3.1 Toplam Meyve Tüketimi Puanlaması 26 3.3.2 Tam Meyve Tüketimi Puanlaması 27 3.3.3 Toplam Sebze Tüketimi Puanlaması 27 3.3.4 Yeşil Yapraklı-Sarı Renkli Sebzeler ve Taze Baklagiller Tüketimi Puanlaması 27 3.3.5 Tahıl Tüketimi Puanlaması 27 3.3.6 Tam Tahıl Tüketimi Puanlaması 27 3.3.7 Süt Grubu Besin Tüketim Puanlaması 28 3.3.8 Et ve Kurubaklagil Grubu Besin Tüketimi Puanlaması 28 3.3.9 Yağ Grubu Besin Tüketimi Puanlaması 28 3.3.10 Doymuş Yağ Alımı Puanlaması 28 3.3.11 Sodyum Alımı Puanlaması 28 3.3.12. Boş Enerji Kaynakları Tüketimi Puanlaması 29 3.4. İstatiksel Değerlendirme Yöntemi 29 4. BULGULAR 30 4.1. Bireylerin Genel Özellikleri 30 4.2. Bireylerin Antropometrik Ölçümleri ve Vücut Bileşimleri 35 4.3. Bireylerin Biyokimyasal Bulguları ve Kan Basıncı Verileri 38 4.4. Bireylerin Besin Tüketimi Verileri 42 4.5. Bireylerin SYİ-2005 Puanı Verileri 49 4.6. Bireylerin Kısa Form-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi Puanlarının Değerlendirmesi 54 4.7. Bireylerin Fiziksel Aktivite Durumunun Değerlendirmesi 56 5. TARTIŞMA 58 5.1. Bireylerin Genel Özellikleri 58 5.2. Bireylerin Antropometrik Ölçümleri ve Vücut Bileşimleri 61 5.3. Bireylerin Biyokimyasal Bulguları ve Kan Basıncı Verileri 64 5.4. Bireylerin Besin Tüketimi Verileri 65 5.5. Bireylerin SYİ-2005 Puanı Verileri 67 xi 5.6. Bireylerin Kısa Form-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi Puanlarının Değerlendirmesi 69 5.7. Bireylerin Fiziksel Aktivite Durumunun Değerlendirmesi 70 6. SONUÇ VE ÖNERİLER 72 6.1. Sonuçlar 72 6.2. Öneriler 75 7. KAYNAKLAR 76 8. EKLER EK-1: Tez Çalışması İle İlgili Etik Kurul EK-2: Tez Çalışması İle İlgili Hacettepe Beytepe Gün Hastanesi İzni EK-3: Onam Formu EK-4: Tez Anket Formu EK-5: Yaşam Kalitesi KF-36 Anketi EK-6: Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Kaydı Kısa Form 9. ÖZGEÇMİŞtr_TR
dc.language.isoturtr_TR
dc.publisherSağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsütr_TR
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccesstr_TR
dc.subjectmetabolik sağlıktr_TR
dc.subjectobezite
dc.titleMetabolik Olarak Sağlıklı Olan Hafif Şişman ve Obez Bireylerin Beslenme, Fiziksel Aktivite ve Yaşam Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesitr_TR
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisen
dc.description.ozetBu çalışma metabolik sağlığa katkıda bulunan beslenme, fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesi gibi faktörlerin metabolik olarak sağlıklı hafif şişman/obez bireyler üzerinde etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya diyabet, hipertansiyon ve dislipidemi tanısı almayan ve gebe ve menopoz döneminde olmayan beden kütle indeksine göre normal (BKİ 18,50-24,99 kg/m2) ve hafif şişman/obez (BKİ ≥25,00 kg/m2) 19-50 yaş arası 87 gönüllü kadın katılmıştır. Bireylere genel özelliklerinin sorgulandığı bir anket uygulanmış, antopometrik ölçüm ve vücut bileşimi verileri alınmıştır. Bireylerin sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kalitesi Kısa Form-36 (KF-36) yaşam kalitesi anketi ve fiziksel aktivite ile sedanter geçirilen süreleri ise Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Kaydı ile saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, geriye dönük besin tüketim kaydı formu ile bir gün hafta içi, bir gün hafta sonu olmak üzere toplam iki günlük besin tüketim kaydı alınmış, Sağlıklı Yeme İndeksi-2005 (SYİ-2005) ölçeği ile bireylerin diyet kalitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda hafif şişman/obez bireylerin %56’sının metabolik olarak sağlıklı olduğu saptanmıştır. Metabolik olarak sağlıklı (MS) hafif şişman/obez bireylerin SYİ puanının metabolik olarak sağlıklı olmayan (MSO) hafif şişman/obez bireylerin puanından daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0.05). MS hafif şişman/obez ve MS normal kilolu bireyler arasında toplam SYİ puanı ve SYİ bileşenleri puanları arasında fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). MS hafif şişman/obez bireylerin bel çevresi ölçüsünün MSO hafif şişman/obez bireylerinkinden daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). MS ve MSO hafif şişman/obez bireyler arasında KF-36 yaşam kalitesi bileşenlerinden fiziksel fonksiyon ve fiziksel rol güçlüğü açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). MS normal ve MS hafif şişman/obez bireyler arasında yaşam kalitesi bileşenleri açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). MS ve MSO hafif şişman/obez bireylerin fiziksel aktivite skoru karşılaştırıldığında ise MS hafif şişman/obez bireylerin fiziksel aktivite skoru daha fazla olmasına rağmen istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark belirlenmemiştir (p>0.05). Obezitenin metabolik risk faktörlerine karşı dirençli olan MS fenotipinin gelişiminde altta yatan faktörler son yıllarda tartışılmakta ve yaşam tarzı faktörlerinin ayırıcı bir etken olabileceği vurgulanmaktadır. Sağlıklı beslenme ve hareketli yaşam gibi yaşam tarzı faktörlerinin MS obez fenotipinin gelişiminde olası etkilerinin aydınlatılması obezitenin tedavisinde yararlı olacaktır.tr_TR
dc.contributor.departmentBeslenme ve Diyetetiktr_TR
dc.contributor.authorID202980tr_TR


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