Fusarium sp. İLE PİGMENT ÜRETİMİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Abstract

Pigments are important compounds used in different industries. In the food industry that they are most widely used, they are used as food additives, color enhancers and antioxidants. Although they can also be produced synthetically, natural biopigments are preferred in general. In this study; pigment production from various Fusarium species in alternative culture media; optimization of some physiological conditions for more pigment production and investigation of antimicrobial properties of the produced pigment were aimed. In this respect, pigment production of different Fusarium species (Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium sp., Fusarium poae, Fusarium equiseti) in three different media (potato dextrose broth, sabouraud dextrose broth, malt extract broth) were compared. The best medium for the pigment production has been selected as malt extract broth. Fusarium graminearum, which was found to produce highest amount of pigment, is used in the next parts of this study. When the cultural parameters, which are necessary for the production of highest amount of pigment from F. graminearum are examined; light conditioned incubation, 150 rpm rotation speed, 30 ºC temperature, 9 days of incubation and initial pH value of 8, have been determined as the optimum iv conditions. In the next part of this study, alternative media for pigment production have been investigated. In the next part of this study, alternative media for pigment production have been investigated. In this respect; cheese whey, which appears after the production of a cheese and known as a greenish yellow coloured residual in our country and molasses - a residual of sugar industry have been used as alternative media for pigment production. It has been observed that, cheese whey and molasses could be alternative media for the reddish pigment production by using Fusarium graminearum. In the last part of this study, antimicrobial properties of the pigment obtained by F. graminearum have been investigated. It has been seen that, although 20 μl concentration of the pigment that was produced from Fusarium graminearum exhibited an antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus; it was not effective against Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.