Lale Devri'nde Anadolu Halkı: Sorunlar, Şikâyetler ve Çözümler

Abstract

In Ottoman history studies, the period that started with the Treaty of Pasarofça in 1718 and ended with the revolt of Patrona Halil in 1730 was called the Tulip Period. Undoubtedly, in this period, there were some developments such as the appointment of ambassadors to improve relations with Europe or to get to know/understand Europe, the establishment of the first printing press, innovation in the military field, albeit limited, and some developments in the fields of science, ideas, art and architecture. However, these developments were not reflected in the provincial society of the state. Moreover, in order to compensate for the losses in the West, the empire went to war with Iran in the East in 1723. However, this meant that the financial burden of the war fell on the people. However, although the Ottoman Empire achieved some successes in the first years of the war, the war turned against it from 1727 onwards. The opposition circles in Istanbul, who were uncomfortable with the government, accused the government of being busy with luxury and entertainment, claiming that the people were oppressed under heavy taxes, and prepared the ground for the revolt that started in September 1730 under the leadership of a janissary named Patrona Halil. At the end of the revolt, the grand vizier was executed, while Sultan III. Ahmet also had to abdicate the throne. All these events in the centre of the empire were undoubtedly reflected in Anatolia. Especially the Ottoman-Iranian War in this period was a factor directly affecting Anatolia. This study examines the problems of the society in Anatolia during the Tulip Period, the complaints caused by these problems and the solution policies of the state for these complaints. Thus, the relationship between the centre and the province through the state-society relationship and the relationship between the ruler (judicial-administrative) and the people within the structure of the society itself were tried to be explained.