FEDERAL SİSTEMLERDE EGEMENLİĞİN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ: 1945 SONRASINDA KURULAN FEDERASYONLARI SINIFLANDIRMAK

Abstract

The debates on federation aren’t a new phenomenon among scholars. However, the relationship between political power and demands of local, international capital groups and non-governmental organizations predominantly represented in afore-mentioned groups hasn’t been yet established. Broadly, the main subjects of this thesis are federations, the concept and the transformation of sovereignty. In a narrow sense, these issues shall be focused in the terms of federations established between 1945-1990 and after 1990. Currently, there are 23 federations in the world. 8 of 11 established between 1945 and 1990; 3of 8 established after 1990 are former colonies. The essential issue is the majority of federations established after 1945 being former colonies. International law and sovereignty discourses in relevant era shall be underlined while explaining the effects of nation-state, nationalism, right to self-determination and micro-nationalism on these federations as well as pointing federalist theories to response "Why were these states established as federations?". The theoretical structure of sovereignty discourse reflecting on federations established between 1945-1990 and after 1990 will be explained through classical sovereignty, hegemony and national sovereignty. Nonetheless, since federations are also nation states, determinations regarding the internationalization of capital and state will be included in the evalutions on the nation-states. Thus, federations have been established following the end of the classical period of imperialism and British hegemony will be determined and shall appoint that collective imperialism, falls in the beginning of the USA hegemony where a new order emerged in which a state needed the investments of more than one capital group and a capital group needed the resources of more than one state. Consequently, international capital finds increasing direct representation within states, the state apparatus and intervention lead to new forms- federations- reorganizing social relations in favor of capital accumulation at the global level, shall be concluded. Keywords Federalism, Federation, Sovereignty, Collective Imperialism, Colonialism