TİP 1 DİYABETLİ HASTALARDA DİYETLE İLERİ GLİKASYON SON ÜRÜNLERİ (AGE) ALIMININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which β-cells in the pancreas are progressively damaged, leading to a critical loss of insulin production and causing hyperglycemia. As a consequence of hyperglycemia, the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) is increased in diabetes. In recent years, the relationship between AGEs and complications of diabetes has been emphasized. Moreover, a dramatic increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods has been reported worldwide and ultra-processed foods are rich in AGEs. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nutritional status, ultra-processed food consumption and dietary AGE intake in individuals diagnosed with T1DM. This study was conducted in Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital with a total of 186 participants, including 94 participants (56 girls, 38 boys) aged 3-18 years who were diagnosed with T1DM and 92 participants (47 girls, 45 boys) who were not diagnosed with T1DM. Participants' general characteristics, dietary habits, food consumption records were recorded, physical activity levels were evaluated, anthropometric measurements were taken and biochemical findings were recorded. In the calculation of dietary AGE (dAGE) intake, Uribarri et al. 2010 database of 549 foods was used. Processed food consumption was assessed according to the NOVA classification method. HbA1c (%), fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL), sodium (mmol/L), potassium (mg/dL), phosphorus (mg/dL), calcium (mg/dL), iron (ug/dL), ferritin (ml/ng), vitamin B12 (pG/mL), magnesium (mg/dL), ALT (U/L), AST (U/L), creatinine (mg/dL) and uric acid (mg/dL) findings were recorded. The mean HbA1c values were 8.71±2.39 in the case group and 5.89±0.37 in the control group (p<0.05). Dietary AGE intake was 9842.86±3503.89 kU/day in the case group and 9096.43±3147.54 kU/day in the control group (p>0.05). Processed food consumption was 511.13±149.99 g/day in the case group and 467.96±160.93 g/day in the control group (p>0.05). Ultra-processed food consumption was 41.98±48.10 g/day in the case group and 43.55±59.31 g/day in the control group (p>0.05). A correlation was observed between processed food consumption and the amount of dAGE (p<0.05). There was no association between ultra-processed food consumption and dAGE amount (p>0.05). According to the participants' z scores, no relationship was observed between body weight, BMI and waist circumference and dAGE intake (p>0.05).mean body weight, BMI and waist circumference of the participants were correlated with dAGE (p<0.05).Serum fasting glucose, HbA1c, iron, AST, creatinine and uric acid values of the participants in the case group were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.001). In conclusion, in this study, a relationship was found between processed food consumption and dAGE, no relationship was found between ultra-processed food consumption and dAGE, and no relationship was observed between biochemical parameters and dAGE.