Primer Dismenorede Aerobik Egzersiz ve Klinik Yoga Eğitimlerinin Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması
Özet
Çinar G. N., Comparison of the Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Clinical Yoga Training in Primary Dysmenorrhea, Hacettepe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Program, PhD Thesis, Ankara, 2024. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of aerobic exercise training (AET) and clinical yoga training (CYT) in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea (PD). 44 individuals with PD were randomly assigned to the study groups. Individuals in the first group (n=22) received AEE three days a week for 2 menstrual cycles. Individuals in the second group (n=22) were given KYE three days a week for 2 menstrual cycles. Individuals were assessed a total of 5 times: at baseline, after the first menstruation, after the second menstruation, and at 3 and 6 months after the end of the interventions. As outcome measures, pain intensity (with Visual Analogue Scale), body composition (with body composition analyzer), cardio-respiratory fitness (with 6-minute walk test), static muscular endurance (with abdominal static endurance test), dynamic muscular endurance (with 30-second sit-up test), lower extremity muscle strength (with digital manual muscle test), upper extremity muscle strength (with hand grip strength test), flexibility (with sit&reach test), uterine artery blood flow (with Doppler ultrasonographic imaging), menstrual distress (with Menstrual Distress Questionnaire), depression-anxiety-stress level (with Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Short Form), quality of life level (with World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Short Form), sleep quality (Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Scale) and perception of change (5-point Likert-type scale) were evaluated.While menstrual pain intensity, muscle strength and endurance parameters improved in the short term in both study groups, this improvement was observed to decline in the long term (p<0.05). It was observed that the use of menstrual analgesics decreased over time in the CYT group in the short term (p<0.05), but there was no difference between the groups in the short and long term (p>0.05). Cardio-respiratory fitness and flexibility were found to increase in both groups in the short term (p<0.05). In the long term, cardio-respiratory fitness was observed to be better in the AET group and flexibility in the CYT group (p<0.05). While it was observed that body composition decreased and fat-free mass increased in the AET group in the short term (p<0.05), there was no difference between the short and long term results of CYT (p>0.05). Uterine artery blood flow was found to increase in the short term in both groups (p<0.05). It was observed that menstrual distress, anxiety-depression-stress levels and sleep quality improved in the short term in both groups (p<0.05). While improvements in menstrual and emotional symptoms were maintained in the long term in both groups, there was a decline in sleep quality (p>0.05). It was observed that the perception of change was similar in both groups in the short and long term (p>0.05). It was observed that there was no difference between the groups except for the physical fitness results in the short and long term (p>0.05). In conclusion, AET or CYT improves menstrual and general health to a similar extent in the short term. When exercise training is terminated, menstrual and general health levels are objectively weakened and subjectively preserved in the long-term follow-up. AET or CYT should be offered in primary care management of PD. Further studies in which exercise interventions are continued and combined with various conservative practices should demonstrate long-term effects in a randomised controlled design.
