40-69 Yaş Arası Hipertansif Bireylerde SCORE2 Eşitliği ile Kardiyovasküler Ölüm Risklerinin Hesaplanması ve Kardiyovasküler Risk Farkındalığı

Abstract

The aim of this study is to calculate the cardiovascular diseases risk with a current risk score SCORE2, in individuals have hyperttension which is one of the most important preventable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases diagnosis who applied to family medicine outpatient clinics and to examine the awareness levels of them about cardiovascular diseases risk factors. The study was conducted via a face-to-face survey form with 231 participants diagnosed with hypertension/newly diagnosed with hypertension who applied to Hacettepe Family Medicine outpatient clinics between 26.10.2022 and 26.03.2023, In the first part of the survey there were 20 questions about sociodemographic characteristics and the general health status of the participants, in the second part there was Cardiovascular Disease Risk Awareness Assessment Scale (CVDRAAS) consists of 22 questions. 64.5% of the participants in the study were women and the mean age was 54.18 years. 34.89% of women were obese and 4.69% of them were morbidly obese. While 32.92% of men were obese, there was no one who was morbidly obese. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the participants were 126.29 mmHg and 80.61 mmHg, respectively. The mean values of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and Non-HDL-C were 210.81mg/dL, 136.38 mg/dL, 53.59 mg/dL and 156.41 mg/dL, respectively. A 2 of the participants were using medication. 42.35% of the participants were treated with monotherapy. According to the SCORE2 risk model, diastolic blood pressure was found to be significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the very high-risk group. Both SCORE2 and SCORE risk scores of daily smokers were found to be significantly higher than never smoke and ex-smokers. Both SCORE2 and SCORE risk scores of those who had smoked before but quit were found to be significantly higher than those who had never smoked. According to the SCORE risk model, rheumatological disease rates of patients in the very high risk group were found to be significantly higher than those in the other group. The rate of people using psychiatric drugs was found to be very high and significantly higher in those in the high-risk group compared to other groups. SCORE2 scores of the individuals participating in the study were found to be significantly higher than their SCORE scores. 8.3% of the participants who were determined to be in the very high risk group according to SCORE2 were evaluated in the low or medium risk group according to SCORE, while 20.8% were evaluated in the high risk group. Also, 55.3% of those in the high risk group in SCORE2 were evaluated in the low or medium risk group in SCORE risk scoring. The "Healthy eating intentions" score in CVDRAAS of individuals with known diseases other than hypertension is lower than that of individuals with no known diseases other than hypertension, and the "Heart attack/stroke" knowledge level of those who exercise 1- 2 times a week is lower than those who do not exercise at all, 3 times a week and the "Perceived benefits" score of those who exercised more was found to be significantly higher than those who did not exercise at all, and the "Heart attack/stroke" knowledge level of those who preferred their meals with less salt was found to be significantly higher than those who preferred salty meals. As a result, our study showed that; the SCORE2 risk model is a more sensitive assessment than SCORE and is more convenient to use. Cardiovascular disease risk awareness in society is not yet at the desired level. To increase this awareness and for the early diagnosis of patients at risk, family physicians should inform all their patients, whether hypertensive or not, about cardiovascular diseases and they should provide accurate information about diet, exercise, and smoking cessation, and routinely screen patients at risk Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, risk factors, hypertension, awareness