5-6 Yaş Grubu Çocuklarda Motor Yeterlik: Temel Hareket Becerilerini Geliştirmeye Yönelik Tasarlanan Oyun Programının Etkisi

Abstract

KIZILCA D.Ş., Motor Competence in 5-6 Year Old Children: The Effect of a Game-based movement education Program to Improve Fundamental Motor Skills. Hacettepe University, Institute of Health Sciences, Sports Sciences and Technology Program Master's Thesis, Ankara, 2024. The aim of the research is to examine the effect of an 8-week game-based education program (GMEP) on the motor competence of preschool children. Firstly, an adaptation study of the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) into Turkish was carried out to evaluate fundamental motor skills (FMS). In this context, the participants of the adaptation study consisted of 129 female (x̄age= 7.88, SD = 1.68 years) and 122 male (x̄age= 7.84, SD=1.87 years) students between the ages of 5-10. To adapt the test to Turkish, the standard translation-back-translation method and expert panel were used and the test was administered to 251 children. For test-retest reliability, TGMD-3 were re-administered to 40 students one week later. The construct validity of the test was examined with confirmatory factor analysis, and acceptable fit index values were obtained for the 13-item two-factor model (x2 /df = 2.42, RMSEA = 0.07, TLI = 0.92, CFI = 0.94). Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficients of the test were found to be 0.79 for the locomotor subscale and 0.85 for the object control subscale. In addition, the intraclass correlation coefficients calculated for test-retest reliability were found to be 0.87 for the locomotor subscale and 0.91 for the object control subscale. In conclusion, research findings have shown that the Turkish version of TGMD-3 is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to evaluate FMS. The participants of the main study consisted of 46 preschool children (x̄age= 5.20, SD= 0.401 years) who were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n= 27, x̄age= 5.22, SD= 0.424 years) and control group (n=19, x̄age= 5.16, SD= 0.375 years)..GMEP developed by the researchers was applied to the experimental group for 8 weeks (30 min/day, 3 days/week), while the control group continued its routine curriculum. Children's motor competencies were evaluated with TGMD-3. Analysis results showed that GMEP applied for 8 weeks improved the experimental group's locomotor (mean difference (Δ)= 16.33; p<0.0001; partial eta squared (η2) =0.51) and ball skills (Δ=17.66; p<0.0001; η2=). 0.44) scores showed a statistically significant increase compared to the pre-intervention. It was observed that the experimental group, which showed a significant improvement in test scores as a result of the GMEP application, maintained this improvement in the follow-up test conducted one month later, while the post-test and follow-up test scores of the control group were lower than the experimental group. The results revealed that GMEP, applied for 8 weeks, was an effective program in improving FMS in children aged 5-6.