Özet
This study aims to evaluate the increasing impact of big data, considering the potential that data
collected about individuals can be used for social, cultural, economic, and political purposes
with the development of information and communication technologies and surveillance systems.
With this aim, social changes caused by big data and new surveillance practices are examined,
especially based on datafication and data surveillance. The research was carried out by
conducting expert interviews and in-depth interviews with 16 data scientists (as they are
individuals who experience these systems and can predict the consequences they may cause).
Through the interviews it is examined with a constructivist perspective and the qualitative
analysis method what kind of strategy individuals have developed in terms of ontological
security (what kind of coping strategy they develop against reactions, fears and anxieties that
arise due to changes) and how these strategies and solution suggestions can become
beneficial in society. As a result of the evaluations, when viewed from the eyes of data
scientists, it is seen that the definition and content of big data has changed, and this creates a
completely new digital surveillance practice. In this context, big data is considered as the basic
element of decision-making mechanisms and as a type of capital and classification tool. Big
data and new surveillance practices are associated with a variety of problems, such as the right
to be forgotten, sanctions for control purposes, data security and manipulation, security breach,
rotted data, discrimination, panoptic classification, lack of anonymity, power imbalance or
monopolization of power, echo chamber, prejudice in social relations. In the study, new
surveillance practices are particularly associated with security, risk, and identification of the
other; it is seen that "micro-level surveillance practices" are also applied in the field of social
relations and responsibilities. In terms of ontological security, it is seen that data breaches in the
participants' own countries raise "doubt about their own security" in them; while examining the
contribution of big data and ontological security of these systems for social benefit; it is
understood that ontological insecurity becomes more evident with the conceptualization of big
data for social harm. It is also seen and explained that there are findings that the participants
mostly resort to a pragmatic acceptance (implicit pessimism) strategy in the sense of ontological
security/insecurity, but they also have strategies that can be evaluated in the sense of constant
optimism, cynical pessimism, and radical participation. In the context of these strategies,
solution suggestions are offered in different areas in line with the opinions of data scientists.
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