Trakeostomi Açılan Hastalara Verilen Taburculuk Eğitiminin ve Trakeostomi İçin Kullanılan Koruyucu Örtünün Yaşam Kalitesine ve Taburculuk Sonrası Yaşanan Sorunlara Etkisi

Abstract

Permanent tracheostomy is opened in patients who underwent total laryngectomy due to larynx cancer. Tracheostomy leads to complications in patients such as aphasia, disappearance of nasal breathing, decline in the senses of smelling and tasting, swallowing disorders and impairment of body image due to presence of apparent stoma. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to identify the effects of discharge education given to patients with tracheostomy and use of protective scarf on quality of life and problems encountered following discharge. The sample of the study was consisted of 24 patients (12 experimental and 12 control). The patients were monitored three months starting from the preoperative period. The data were collected using Personel Information Form, Form of Determination of Problems Encountered Following Discharge, European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires. Patients in the control group received routine care in postoperative period, patients in the experimental gruop received routine care as well as discharge education given by the researcher and protective scarf had been used. Statistical evaluation of study data were performed using SPSS 22.0. When postoperative 10th day and post discharge 90th day quality of life medians compared between control and experimental groups, the quality of life median score of the control group has shown a larger decrease. In the control and experimental group, the most common encountered problems after discharge were respiratory problems (shortness of breath, cough, secretion). The control group was found to be experiencing more problems than the experimental group on the 30th day and the 90th day after discharge. According to the study results, it is recommended to give discharge education and to use protective scarfs that cover the stoma as a barrier in tracheostomy patients.