Huzurevi Yaşlılarında Farklı Besin Tüketim Kayıtlari ile Dijital Fotoğraflama Yönteminin Karşılaştırılması.

Abstract

Detection of food consumption by digital photography is a recently applied method in the world. In this study, food consumption of elderly people was evaluated by daily food record, 24 hour retrospective food record, food frequency and digital photography method and the relevancy of these methods for elderly were evaluated. For this purpose, 52 (27 males, 25 females) elders who does not have a neurological or psychiatric disturbance were included in the study. The study was carried out in Ankara Seyranbağları Nursing Home Directorate for the Elderly Care and Rehabilitation Center between December 2015 and April 2016. Surveys were conducted to determine the general characteristics and physical activity status of the elderly. To assess nutritional status, a Mini Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire was administered to each participant and food frequency was used to determine nutritional habits. Every week, for a period of 3 days, consecutive, avarage 5 participant’s food records keep recorded. Also, in this period, all participants each meal food remains on the plates have photographed before and after the meal, thus, the consumption of food is determined by the help of photographs. The anthropometric measurements of the elderly (weight, height, arm span, waist circumference, hip circumference, mid-upper arm circumference, wrist circumference, calf circumference, neck circumference) has keeped, then body mass index, waist circumference/hip circumference, waist circumference/height rates have calculated. At the end of the research, when the avarage consumption of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate of elderly are ordered in descending order, it is seen that for all genders the order is same: the highest avarages seen on food records, than food frequency and the lowest avarages seen on digital photography. Daily avarage energy intake in the food record, digital photography and food frequency in respectively of male elderly are 3172,86±484,42 kcal, 2189,60±470,69 kcal ve 2758,26±817,70 kcal and the female elderly are 3312,20±359,41kcal, 2191,73±401,36 kcal ve 2628,00±733,92 kcal. For two of the genders the difference between the measuring methods of energy consumption is statically significant (p=0,000). In both of the genders the lowest intake of all other nutrients except sodium was determined by digital photography method (p<0.05). Most of the consumed food groups (milk, yoghurt, cheese, red meat, potatoes, fruit, oil and sugar group for male elderly, eggs, red meat, fish, meat products, legume, bread, cereals, other vegetables and fat group for female elderly) were found to be highest according to food frequency, then food records and lowest mean values were obtained by digital photography. It was found that there is a positive moderate linear corelations between daily energy consumption of male elderly people and daily energy intake information taken from digital photography method (r=0,410, p=0,034). According to the survey which consider the applied methods to determines the food consumption of elderly, it is seen that the least time consuming (%92,3) and the easiest appliable method (%92,3) is digital photography method. As a result, digital photography method has the abbility to record the full food consumption of elderly in nursing home and it is also a promissing method. Altough there are various limitations in the digital photography method like the other methods used. Therefore, considering the advantages and disadvantages, it is thought that the limitations of the methods and possible errors can be avoided by using more than one method together in the determination of food consumption.