Atıksu Ön Arıtımı için Koimmobilize Enzim Tasarımı

Abstract

ABSTRACT CO-IMMOBILISED ENZYME DESIGNING FOR WASTEWATER PRETREATMENT SİNEM DİKEN GÜR Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Biology Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Nilüfer AKSÖZ December 2016, 90 Pages Immobilized enzymes are defined as enzymes physically confined or localized in a particular region with retention of their catalytic activities, and which can be used continuously and stored for a long period; take the place of harsh chemical agents and long-lasting biological processes in the wastewater treatment process. In this study Na alginate, Na alginate-κ carrageenan hydrogels, Na alginate activated with glutaraldehyde, grafted Na alginate and chitosan activated with glutaraldehyde were used with intent to co-immobilization of protease, pectinase and α amylase enzymes. The study was continued by using Na alginate beads and glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan beads in which three enzymes could be successfully co-immobilized. The enzymes were covalently bond to the surface of chitosan beads activated by glutaraldehyde while entrapped into the Na alginate beads. Characterization studies were performed with scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Enzymes, co-immobilized using two different support materials and methods, were compared with each other in terms of temperature and pH stability, reusability and storage stability characteristics. Wastewater pretreatment process was performed by using glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan beads which have a higher immobilization yield and relative activity and are more appropriate in respect iv to reproducibility and storage stability. For this purpose, synthetic manucipial wastewater, real wastewater sample and sea water were used in which waste materials were added. In sea water, while pectinase enzyme was inhibited, the maximum removal quantity was determined by α amylase and protease. In terms of synthetic and municipal wastewater, while the removal rates of co-immobilized α amylase and protease enzymes showed very close results, it was determined that the product formation of pectinase in manucipal wastewater was higher. In this study, pectinase, protease and α amylase enzymes were co-immobilized using glutaraldehyde activated chitosan beads for pre-treatment of wastewater. We believe that this developed material will be a model for the design of multi enzyme co-immobilization studies and will shed light on future researches on this topic.