Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tanılı Ergenlerde Kendine Zarar Verme Davranışı ve Yavaş Bilişsel Tempo ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Ergul, B. The Relationship Between Nonsuicidal Self-injury and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Thesis in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, 2022. This is a cross-sectional study investigating the risk factors associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and the role of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms in the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and NSSI in adolescents followed up with the diagnosis of ADHD in the child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic. In addition to the K-SADS-PL psychiatric diagnosis interview with the adolescents, Sociodemographic Data Form, NSSI Screening Questionnaire Form, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Children Depression Inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders (SCARED), Ways of Coping Inventory (WCI) and Ucla Loneliness Scale Short Form (ULS-SF) were applied. Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale (SCTS) and Conners’s Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short form (CPRS-RS) were given to one of the parents. It was found that 33.7% of the participants showed NSSI. Adolescents with NSSI had more depression, anxiety, attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms, more difficulty in emotion regulation, low self-esteem, and used more emotion-focused coping styles instead of problem-focused coping styles. The perception of loneliness was observed higher in adolescents who had frequent NSSI. Depression and anxiety symptoms were more in adolescents with high SCT symptoms, and the relationship between SCT and anxiety symptoms still continued even after ADHD inattention symptoms were controlled. Additionally emotion regulation skills were worse, self-esteem was lower, and the helpless approach was used more as an coping-style in adolescent with SCT. The predictive factors for NSSI were, the 'daydreamer' sub-dimension of SCT, panic disorder/somatization symptoms, depression symptoms, and ADHD symptom severity. When all the variables were entered to find the associated factors of NSSI, ADHD symptom severity and depression symptoms were correlated. It has been observed that SCT symptoms play a mediating role in the relationship between ADHD and NSSI. In conclusion, psychiatric symptoms including SCT and other developmental factors are thought to be associated with NSSI in adolescents with ADHD. It will be useful for future studies to be repeated in community samples with longitudinal designs after the SCT diagnostic criteria have been established.