Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu Olan Kadın ve Erkeklerde Elektromyografik Respiratuvar Kas Fonksiyonu, Postür ve Egzersiz Kapasitesinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

The effects of posture, muscle function, and exercise capacity on male and female patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the lung function, respiratory muscle function, peripheral muscle strength, posture, exercise capacity, and physical activity of male and female OSAS patients. The study included 21 patients, 11 males, and 10 females, who applied to the Department of Chest Diseases and were diagnosed with OSAS using polysomnography (PSG). The physical, demographic, and anthropometric characteristics of the cases, PSG results, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores were recorded. Sleep quality was determined using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A pulmonary function test and respiratory muscle strength measurements were performed. The respiratory muscle endurance test was performed at 60% of the maximal inspiratory pressure. Respiratory muscle function was measured using diaphragmatic and sternocleidomastoid superficial electromyography (EMGdi and EMGscm, respectively). Peripheral muscle strength was assessed by measuring hand grip strength. Posture analysis and a six-minute walk test (6MWT) were performed. Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) scores for quality of life and Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS) scores for kinesiophobia were recorded. PSG findings, posture assessment, ESS, and NHP scores were similar between the groups (p>0.05). MIP, MEP, EMGdi, and EMGscm values were lower in female individuals compared to males (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between FEV1/FVC ratio, percent predicted PEF (%), FEF 25-75 (%) and FEF50 (%) between female and male OSAS patients (p>0.05). FEV1 (L), FEV1 (%), FVC (L), FVC (%), PEF (L), FEF25-75% (L) and FEF50% (L) values were lower in female individuals compared to male subjects (p<0.05). While hand grip strength and 6MWT distance were in females compared to males, TCS and PSQI scores were higher (p<0.05). In conclusion, pulmonary and respiratory function, peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, sleep quality, and kinesiophobia were more affected in female subjects than male subjects. The evaluation results obtained in this study will guide the development of evaluation methods to be used within the scope of pulmonary rehabilitation programs in male and female OSAS patients.