SIHHİ SINIRLILIKLAR ÇERÇEVESİNDE İÇ MEKÂNIN BİÇİMLENİŞİ

Abstract

The world has been struggling with many epidemic diseases from past to present. This struggle continues to maintain its place in the history of humanity since the existence of the relationship between human and environment. Today, this situation has kept its topicality for a long time, with the World Health Organization declaring the Coronavirus induced Covid-19 disease a global epidemic (pandemic) on March 11, 2020. At the end of 2021, the decrease in the number of cases shows that the first wave has come to the point of circumvention. However, the new variants detected by scientists reveal that the effect of this epidemic still continues, albeit slightly. It has been observed that measures with the concept of borders, such as maintaining social distance, wearing masks, and being in isolation, are a part of social life during the time when the spread of the Coronavirus epidemic is at its highest. This situation not only affected the social life, but also affected the indoor organizations and allowed the sanitary arrangements to be shaped in the design of the space. In this context, the borders, which are first dealt with by placing a border between sick and healthy people, isolating and quarantining, then create a limitation with the spatial sanitary arrangements shaped within the framework of the outer shell and inner vital space constituting the space. It is aimed to examine these sanitary regulations, which act as a kind of antidote, which emerged as a result of the cooperation established by interior architecture and medicine, which give importance to the body and mental health of people. It is aimed to reveal these regulations with the help of sampling method by examining the literature review made under the leadership of both medicine, which is a branch of health sciences and interior architecture, which is a science based on space design. Within the scope of this study, the cooperation between medicine and space design, which is argued to play a major role in the shaping of the “epidemic, space and environment” trio, is discussed in order to protect and sustain the spiritual, physical, psychological and social well being of people. In this context, the role of designing the living environment against concrete and intangible threats in preventing, curing and accelerating the healing process is examined. The physical boundaries that exist in the form of invisible layers around the human being, who is at the center of this cooperation, and the boundaries of the body that enables the communication of these boundaries with the outside world, are discussed due to their effect on the shaping of both the space and the sanitary regulations affecting the space within the scope of epidemics. Although the concept of border has been associated with contexts such as separation and distance, within the scope of this research, its place in space design has been emphasized as a concept that unites the concepts of human, space and epidemic at the point of health. In a way, this research reveals the existence and importance of interior architecture as a front in the fight against epidemic diseases that sometimes affect the space and sometimes appear as affected, especially the Coronavirus. This research has been handled with an approach that sheds light on the past in order to be ready to respond to a possible global epidemic process in case of a similar risk that may arise in the future. In addition, in the continuation of the research, it was aimed to realize that the devastating epidemic that dominated the period was a recurrence and to record some of the spatial sanitary limitations witnessed thanks to the possibilities of our age. This research presents different approaches and discussions with spatial examples that have been examined from the past to the present, that many disciplines, from macro scale to micro scale, can work in coordination and create a strong common front against the deadly epidemic.