Androktonus crassicauda Zehirinin Apoptoz Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Cell death is a cellular reaction that plays an important role in the formation of organs during development, the destruction of unwanted cells and the regulation of tissue homeostasis. Apoptosis is programmed cell death that plays an important role in the development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis by eliminating unnecessary or harmful cells. Regulation of apoptosis is essential for maintaining the delicate balance between cell survival and the death signal necessary to prevent disease. Apoptosis can be triggered by intracellular signals such as DNA damage, stress and hypoxia, or by external signals such as ligands binding to cell surface death receptors. Inhibition of apoptosis in various ways causes cells to multiply uncontrollably and turn into cancer. Biotoxins are compounds produced by living organisms that can kill or harm other organisms. They have both toxicological and pharmacological effects. They contain abundant natural resources that can be used as starting materials for drug designs in the prevention of various pathophysiological problems such as cancer. Poisons, which are biotoxin derivatives, are known for their negative effects and cause serious health problems in humans; It carries various compounds that can cause neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cytotoxicity, respiratory arrest, dermatitis, allergic reactions, bleeding and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Venom is a secretion of organisms synthesized from the venom gland. Many biotoxins have anti-tumor effects; some kill tumor cells directly, some inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Scorpion venoms are known to have numerous bioactive compounds that are effective against cancer progression by inducing apoptosis. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Androctonus crassicauda (Olivier, 1807) scorpion raw venom on cell viability, apoptosis and gene expression, and to contribute to treatment strategies in cell death-related diseases, especially cancer, as a result of the findings. In this thesis study, the cytotoxic effect of A. crassicauda venom on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was determined and this cytotoxic effect was determined by the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes CASPASE-3, P21, P53, NOXA, PUMA, BCL-2 and BCL-XL. The effects on the expression of genes were investigated by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) method. As a result of the research, it was found that this species-specific crude poison has an anti-tumor effect on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.