Kayıp Sonrası Farklı Seyirler: Uzamış Yas, Depresyon ve Travma Sonrası Stres Belirti Kümelerinde Risk Faktörlerinin Saptanması

Abstract

It is expected that the grieving process will be completed within about 6 months after the loss of a loved one and the person can maintain usual functionality. However, this is not always the case, and the people faced with the death of a loved one are forced to live with certain psychological difficulties. With this study it is aimed to obtain different trajectories using the Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD), Depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms to form symptom clusters. These three disorders are found to be highly comorbid and common in the aftermath of loss. The participants of the study consisted of 1060 people over the age of 18 who lost a loved one due to death. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to detect symptom clusters of PGD, PTSD and Depression symptoms. Multinominal Logistic Regression Analysis was used to compare the classes obtained by LCA in terms of class predictors. According to the results of the Multinominal Logistic Regression Analysis carried out on the predictive variables that determine being in the classes obtained through LCA, gender, age of the deceased, time since loss, duration of caregiving to the deceased, who the deceased was (compared to child/partner loss), unfulfilled wishes and unresolved conflicts subscales of unfinished business scale scores, Grief and Meaning Reconstruction Inventory scores, Multidimensional Percieved Social Support Scale scores and anxiety and avoidance subscales of Experiences in Close Relationships Scale scores were found to be significant predictors. Group-based comparisons revelaed that when compared to rest of the classes, systematic predictors of resilient class membership were being male, high percieved social support, low unfulfilled wishes (unfinished business), low ongoing conflict (continuing bonds) and low attachment anxiety. Similarly, systematic predictors of high symptom class membership were high unfinished business and low meaning reconstruction. For the prolonged grief class membership, when compared to the rest of the classes, the only systematic predictor was attachment anxiety. Lastly, for the depression class membership, inadequate meaning reconstruction was found to be the sole systematic predictor. Studies conducted with symptom patterns allow the difficulties experienced in the grieving process to be handled at the individual level, and thus the experiences, needs and difficulties of individuals to be defined from a specific framework. It is thought that interventions to be planned with such a dimensional approach can better respond to the specific needs of individuals in the grieving process.