Refakatsiz Çocukların İyilik Hallerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze the socio-demographic and socio-cultural characteristics, social support systems, future expectations and life experiences before-during-after migration in unaccompanied minors, and study about the relationship between these factors and well-being in mentioned group. In light of gained data, propose solutions to increase the well-being of unaccompanied minors.

In this study, which was done in a quantitative design, the relational screening model was used because it was aimed to define and correlate the variables that affect the well-being of unaccompanied minors. In this regard, 133 children between the ages of 13 and 18 whose native language is Arabic and Persian, and are under protection and care in 10 different Child Support Centers which are specialized in the field of unaccompanied minors under the connection of Ministry of Family and Social Services, were reached. In the interviews, information was collected through the interview form prepared by the researcher and the DSÖ-V Well-Being Scale. The data collection process was carried out in the accompany of Arabic and Persian translators and had done face-to-face with the consent and wish of the children.

According to the results obtained from the research, the educational level and Turkish speaking skills of unaccompanied minors have a significant effect on their well-being. At the same time, it was concluded that the traumatic life experiences which was experienced during migration have a negative effect on the level of their well-being. It has been observed that unaccompanied minors feel alone and outsider. The level of well-being of the children who could share their problems and feelings with their families, friends and institution personnels was found to be higher. Finally, it was concluded that unaccompanied minors have a strong sense of anxiety about the future after institutional care and their future expectations have a significant effect on their well-being level.

In regard with this, concrete suggestions have been developed at micro, mezzo and macro levels to ensure the well-being of unaccompanied minors. Especially, when the institutional care of unaccompanied minors ends, it should be prepared in terms of biopsychology, spirituality and economy.

For this, in addition to the studies that have been carried out at the micro level, alternative service models and policies have to be developed in the field of education and employment. On the other hand, to strengthen the professional staff who apre working with unaccompanied minors in order to make the existing service models more functional; There is a demand for programs to be developed by considering the socio-cultural dynamics and future expectations of unaccompanied minors.