Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Yükseköğretimde Kayırmacılık
Özet
Favoritism, which is one of the types of corruption in higher education, emerges as a global problem, although its prevalance and impacts vary across different countries. It is stated that especially nepotism and cronyism are common in higher education institutions. Favoritism continues to exist as a serious problem in the Turkish higher education system, different forms and facets of which can be seen in higher education institutions. Favoritisim is one of the biggest obstacles to the pursuit of quality in the Turkish higher education system, as it prevents the diffusion of practices based on merit and fair competition. For this reason, favoritisim in higher education must be effectively combated. Although it is very difficult to identify and classify all attitudes and behaviors within the scope of favoritism that emerged in the Turkish higher education system, it is possible to determine in which areas favoritism tends to intensify and which areas are open to favoritism. However, in this sense, it is seen that the literature is quite limited and there is a need for studies that deal with the subject from a broad perspective. Therefore, the aim of the study has been determined as the detection of areas open to favoritism in Turkish higher education institutions. In this direction, studies in the literature, judicial decisions, relevant legislation, official reports, documents and information notes published by institutions and news reflected in the press were examined. In the first part of the study, which consists of three parts, the general conceptual framework of the concept of favoritism is revealed. In the second part, the individual and social origins and organizational effects of favoritism are emphasized. In the third part, the subject of favoritism in higher education in the world and in Turkey has been examined and documents and findings related to favoritism in Turkish higher education institutions; academic administrators, students, personnel, tender and procurement under four main headings. It is considered that identifying areas open to favoritism in Turkish higher education institutions will contribute to the clarification of the ambiguous borders of the problem of favoritism and clarify its complex structure, and will also constitute a point of action in order to effectively combat favoritism and to create effective policies to increase the quality of the higher education system.
