Türk ve Fars Şiirinde Yenileşme Hareketlerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış

Abstract

The starting point of this study is the idea that modern Turkish poetry is one of the main channels from which modern Persian poetry drew inspiration in the formation period, in the context of the westernization movements in Turkey and Iran starting from the middle of the nineteenth century until the first quarter of the twentieth century. Historical relations and similar modernization activities, which are the main source of data in the study, are discussed in the first part. In the second part, the sources of Western poetry and the renewal phases of Turkish poetry, which met the contemporary mindset more than half a century before the Persian poetry, are set forth as the Tanzimat and Servet-i Fünûn periods. The modern Persian poetry, which had its first sparks before the Constitutional Monarchy movement in Iran, but reached its peak as a result of this movement, is discussed in the third part of the study, as two periods, the Pre-Constitutional Monarchy Period and the Constitutional Era. In the fourth part of the study, the examples of poetry that will reinforce the idea that Turkish poetry was one of the main channels from which the new Persian poetry drew inspiration during the modernization period and the connection of these examples are examined on a background from the previous three chapters. The reason that Turkish poetry from 1860-1901 and Persian poetry from 1906-1925 are discussed in our study is mainly that the detected influence occurred in these periods. In this period, the Ottoman Empire and especially Istanbul, which was the gateway of Iran to the West and the Western mindset, played an important role in the context of the literary influence in question. Historical consciousness, which is the predominant condition of the study method, has an important place in this examination, to put all the information obtained on the issue of the effect of Turkish poetry on the modernization of Persian poetry during this period, on a correct and solid basis. The poetry movement discussed in the study has the feature of mirroring a depressed period in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and being a reflection of social, political, and cultural circumstances. In this respect, this study has been conducted with the purpose of holding a mirror up to the common half-century of Westernization period of Turkey and Iran, which have been in interaction with each other in almost every period of the history, especially in the post-Islamic period, and to reveal the influence in poetry that occurred at the center of this interaction.