Afganlı Düzensiz Göçü Bakımından Sınır Güvenlik Yönetiminin İncelenmesi: Van İli Örneği
Özet
The aim of this study is to contribute to reach a framework about examination of borders from the perspective of public policy analysis. To achieve this aim, the role of borders to control irregular migration was analyzed with the help of public policy analysis discipline. The analysis focus of this case study was determined as the entrance of Afghan irrgular migration to Turkey from Iran through the Van province border. This study respectively consists of three chapters which are conceptual framework, actors and field research. In conceptual framework chapter, literature research, theoretical framework and methodology were described. In the subchapter of literature research, the border concept, the theories related to the examination of borders, and basic concepts related to international migration were presented. In the theoretical framework and methodology subchapter, the design of the study was explained. In the chapter of actors, the official and unofficial actors were examinated. In the subchapter about the examination of background within the framework of official actors, the background of relations between Turkey and Iran as national actors from the 17th century onwards in the context of border was examinated. Then, the development of European Union’s border policies as an international actor which dominates the design of Turkey’s border policies was described. In the subchapter of the examination of unofficial actors’ role, the background of migration from Afghanistan in the context of socio-cultural, the analysis of border perception of community living in the borderland of Turkey-Iran within a local approach and social dynamics of border perception in the case of Van have been tried to be understood. In the field research chapter, the findings were prensented and discussion was held. In the findings, the findings of interviews conducted with street-level bureaucrats who have decision-maker positions and Afghan irregular migrants on the way are presented within the framework of qualitative data analysis. In the subchapter of discussion, firstly the US and other some national actors’ approaches to border and irregular migration were discussed. Subsequently, the development of border and irregular migration policies in Turkey was evaluated. Finally, the relationship between border security and technological progress with obstacles was examinated. As a result, within the approach of public policies analysis, policy recommendations have been made on the relationship between border security and irregular migration. In this perspective, irregular migration phenomenon threatens societal security as irrelevant from national security in the context of border security. The relationship between irregular migration and border security has a multi-dimensional character. In the management of irregular migration phenomenon, despite paying attention solely to the management of border security, the organizing of cheap labor demand in the country is also required. Border security policies are not enough alone in the management of irregular migration phenomenon.
