XIX. Yüzyıl Mizah Gazete ve Dergileri

Abstract

TÜRK, Şenay. XIX. YÜZYIL MİZAH GAZETE VE DERGİLERİ, Ph. D. Dissertation, Ankara, 2021. This thesis, named "XIX. Century Humour Newspapers and Magazines", covers humour journals published between 1870-1900. XIX. Century is the period when the Ottoman Empire declared its need for westernization with the Edict of Gülhane. Westernization was brought into life with the state-made changes. In the Ottoman Empire, the press was also realized by the state and as a result of the necessities. Since the first humour newspaper, which started to be published in 1870, the change and transformation in society can be followed much better in terms of economic, social, and cultural aspects. In this thesis, on the one hand, a full content breakdown of humour newspapers since the first examples was given; on the other hand, a new 19th-century picture was drawn with daily facts criticized in humorous articles. In the preface, the aim, limits, and method of the thesis are explained. In the introduction, information about the printing house, press, and humour press in the Ottoman Empire is given. In the first chapter, the periodicals within the scope of the thesis named Terakki/Terakki Eğlence/Letaifi Âsar, Diyojen, İbretnüma-yı Âlem, Çıngıraklı Tatar, Hayal, Tiyatro, Şafak, Latife, Şarivari Medeniyet, Letaif-i Âsar, Meddah, Kahkaha, Kara Sinan, Geveze, Çaylak, Hadika-yı Ezhar yahud Mecmua-yı Letaif are introduced. In the second chapter, the institutions and events that were most emphasized in the newspapers and formed by the change of the economic structure of the Ottoman Empire are explained. This section named “Economic Issues” consists of the titles of the Şirket-i Hayriyye, the Tram Company, the Rumeli Railways, the Reji Administration, the Tunnel, the Rasathane -i Amire, the Iron Bridge and the Sixth Chamber. In the third chapter, under the title of "Social Issues", the criticism of westernization and Europeanism, the metaphor of inheritance, health, education, revolts und wars are discussed. In the fourth chapter, theatre, press and censorship issues are examined under the title of "Cultural Issues". In the fifth part of the thesis: Information about the literary types in humour periodicals, writing topics, signatures under the articles are given and the information given about the rate of use of literary genres in newspapers is supported by chronological tables. In the last part of the thesis, the general view of the 19th-century humour press is evaluated with reference to the articles. A chronological breakdown of the articles in the newspapers was given with a table added at the end. In this thesis, from their beginning until 1900, all Turkish humour newspapers and magazines were presented for the first time in the form of author, article, and history index and were examined in terms of content.In this table, nearly eleven thousand articles are listed under the following headings: Newspaper name, franchisee, publication date, illustrator name, author name, article name, newspaper number, page number.