Konjenital Kalp Hastalığı Nedeniyle Ameliyat Olan Bebeklerin Annelerine Yönelik Hemşirelik İzleminin Anksiyete, Bakım Yükü ve Öz Yeterlik Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

This study was designed to determine the effects of nursing follow-up on anxiety, care burden and self-efficacy to mothers of infants underwent surgery for congenital heart surgery; and it was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group. Present study was conducted with 40 eligible mothers and whose infants underwent surgery for congenital heart surgery in Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Unit, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Units and Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Cebeci Research and Practice Hospital Pediatric Cardiology In-Patients and Out-Patients Units. The study involved two groups: an intervention group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). Infants in both the intervention and control groups were matched in terms of age (months) and congenital heart disease types. Data were collected by the Care Requirements Identification Form for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale, Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and Parental Self-Efficacy Scale between 1st October 2019 and 11th May 2020. Ethics committee approval was obtained from the Non-invasive Clinical Trials Ethics Committee of Hacettepe University. In the analysis of descriptive data, numbers and percentages were used for discrete data, while continuous data was presented as mean±standard deviation. A t-test was used to determine the difference between independent groups; Pearson’s Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the relationship between two independent categorical variables; and Cochran’s Q test was used to determine the relationship between more than two dependent categorical variables. Mothers in the intervention group were subjected to totally six home follow-up until three months after infant’s surgery, and were received nursing care in accordance with the nursing care principles and, using the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association’s Nursing Diagnosis System and Nursing Interventions Classification. Mothers in the control group were received the standart nursing care provided in the hospital. Anxiety and caregiving burden mean scores of the mothers decreased significantly; and parental self-efficacy scores increased significantly in the intervention group during home follow-ups (p<0,05). The difference between mothers in the intervention group and control group in terms of post-test anxiety, caregiving burden and parental self-efficacy scores was found to be statistically significant in the third month after surgery (p<0,05). Among the nursing diagnoses identified in mothers of the intervention group, a statistically significant decrease was identified between home follow-ups (p<0.05) In line with these findings, nursing care through home follow-up was recommended to decrease anxiety and caregiving burden of mothers of infants underwent surgery for congenital heart disease and to increase parental self-efficacy.