Primipar Gebelere Motivasyonel Görüşme Yöntemi ile Verilen Eğitim Programının Doğum Korkusuna, Doğumda Öz-Yeterliliğe ve Doğum Şekline Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma

Abstract

This two-group, parallel randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the training program provided to primipara pregnant women through the motivational interview method on their fear of childbirth, childbirth self-efficacy and delivery mode. The study was carried out in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinic of Nevşehir State Hospital between August 2019 and May 2020 with 73 primipara pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. The primipara pregnant women included in the study sample were assigned to the intervention (n=37) and control (n=36) groups using the block randomization method. The women in the intervention group were individually provided with “Training Program on Fear of Childbirth Based on Motivational Interview Method” once a week, four sessions in total, while no interventions were made for those in the control group other than routine hospital practices. Study data were collected using a descriptive information form, the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) versions A-B, the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory-Short Form (CBSEI-SF) and the Delivery Evaluation Form. Data were analyzed using number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, percentage, chi-square test, Independent Groups t test, Mann Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test. ANOVA test and Friedman test were used for repeated measures. The mean post-training and 37-40 gestational week W-DEQ-A scores of the women in the intervention group were found to be lower compared to their mean W-DEQ-A scores before the training (p<0.05). While the pre-training W-DEQ-A mean scores of the pregnant women in both groups were similar (p>0.05), the mean 37-40 gestational week W-DEQ-A scores of the pregnant women in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05). The mean W-DEQ-B scores of the pregnant women in the intervention group were found to be significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05). The total CBSEI-SF score of the women in the intervention groups in the 37-40 weeks of gestation and their median scores of outcome expectancy and self-efficacy expectancy subscales were significantly higher than those in the control group (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of delivery modes (p>0.05). As a result, the training program provided to primipara pregnant women through the motivational interview method was found to reduce their fear of childbirth and increase their self-efficacy during childbirth, but not to have any effect on delivery modes. In line with the results of the study, training programs based on the motivational interview method for the fear of childbirth should be integrated into the nursing care planned to reduce fear of childbirth in the prenatal period and increase self-efficacy during childbirth.