Afet Okuryazarlığı Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Abstract

This study aims to develop a scale which can evaluate the knowledge and skills of the individual specific to disaster phases. In this methodological study, the participants are literate people living in the city centre of Çanakkale and determined according to gender, age, educational and economic characteristics (n = 864). 95 items in the item pool was decreased to 84 items after expert opinions. The content validity ratio of 82 items was ≥0,54, while the content validity index of the items was ≥0,67; the scale was, therefore, found significant (p <0.05) and applied in the field. 71.2% of the participants, who were equally divided into subgroups according to their gender, educational and income status, were married, while 55.9% work in a job, 37.7% experienced a disaster and the average age (SS) was 39.4 (10,9). A highly reliable positive significant relationship was found between the first and second responses of the participants to all the scale expressions (r = 0.79, p <0.01). The Kaiser Mayer Olkin of the scale in the mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery sub-dimensions was >0.6, whereas the Barlett’s test values relation was <0.05; the scale was, thus, accepted to be suitable for performing factor analysis. 4 items from the mitigation sub-dimension, 4 items from the preparedness sub-dimension, 8 items from the response sub-dimension and 4 items from the recovery sub-dimension were removed because their common variance values (>0.508, >0.500, >0.500, >0.400, respectively) and factor load relationship (>0.46, >0.50, >0.50 and >0.55, respectively) were not enough. It was determined that the eigenvalues of the remaining items under each dimension had 4 factors greater than 1. The reliability of the scale was quite high (Spearman-Brown = 0.975) and the scale had no response bias. The ground and ceiling effect values of the scale were found below 20% (T2 = 1770,196, p < 0,001). The overall Cronbach Alpha value of the scale was quite high with 0.955 and varied between 0.831 and 0.83 among the sub-dimensions. The score that could be obtained from the scale was standardized to take a value between 0-50 for ease of calculation. The cut-off points of the scale were determined and divided into inadequate, limited, sufficient and perfect. In this scale consisting of 61 items and four sub-dimensions, the increase in score indicates better disaster literacy. The disaster literacy scale can be used as a scale that can evaluate the knowledge and skills of Turkish society in disasters.