Hiperkolesterolemili Bireylerde İşlevsel Yoğurt Tüketiminin Serum Lipid Profili Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and CVD-related deaths are the most common causes of deaths and chronic diseases not only in Turkey, but also in the rest of the world. It has been long known that serum LDL cholesterol level is highly correlated with cardiovascular events and CVD risks. Several treatment strategies, such as dietary adjustments, lifestyle changes and medication use are developed to reduce and/ or to keep serum LDL levels under control. In addition to these approaches, technological advancements have created more innovative solutions. Adding plant stanols, which are structurally similar to cholesterol and are well known with their serum total and LDL cholesterol reducing effects, into foods is one of these options. Based on this information, serum total and LDL cholesterol lowering efficacy of 2 g/day plant stanol containing yogurt has been studied through a time span of 4 weeks on 70 mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia diagnosed patients. The study was designed in two parallel arms with randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind groups. Patients, who completed 5 visits during the study, were advised to consume yogurt regularly in lunch or dinner without changing their lifestyle or nutrition habits. In order to follow nutritional status of patients, “3-Day Food Records” were taken at the beginning and end of the study. Additionally “24-hours Food Consumption” records were taken twice during the visits. Furthermore, body composition analysis and anthropometric measurements were recorded in each visit. At the end of the study, patients who consumed plant stanol-added yogurt had lowered serum total, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels respectively by 3.9%, 4.25% and 4.23%. However, no significant change occurred in the control group. In addition to these, a decreasing trend in serum Apo B and Lp [a] levels, and an increasing trend in Apo B1 and HDL are found in the patients who consumed plant stanols-added yogurt. Despite some minor dietary changes were detected in the patients, body composition analysis and anthropometric measurements remained the same. In conclusion, plant stanol-added yogurt significantly lowers serum total cholesterol levels in patients with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia without changing their lifestyle or nutrition habits.