Huzurevlerin'de Yaşlılara Sunulan Beslenme Hizmetlerinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Yaşlıların Beslenme Durumlarının Saptanması
Özet
The present study is a descriptive research
conducted to evaluate nutritional services and nutritional assessment of institutionalized elderly.
Nutritional services and food safety practices were evaluated, hygiene perception of foodservice staff
and microbiological quality of salad samples were investigated in 25 nursing homes which were
chosen with stratified sampling method among statistical NUTS 1 (The Nomenclature of Territorial
Units for Statistics) regions throughout Turkey. Food consumption using 24 hour recall method and
anthropometric measurements of the elderly were recorded, nutritional status by Mini Nutritional
Assessment (MNA) was determined and satisfaction from nutritional services of elderly was
surveyed. It was determined that 65.11±10.53% of the indicators in “Food and Nutritional Care
Indicators in Assisted Living Facilities For Older Adults” which evaluates nutritional services was
complied by the institutions and compliance level was lower than 80% in 22 of them (88.0%).
Nutritional services were significantly better in the institutions in which dietitians were working.
Score of food safety practices of institutions was 66.84±7.96. Score of total hygiene perception of
staff was 154.46±12.74 while lowest perception was on personal hygiene and rules for hand hygiene
were not followed. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) (8.4x105 cfu/g) was found in all,
coliform (1.7x104 cfu/g) in 88.0%, S aureus (7.7x102 cfu/g) in 44.0% and E coli (>100 cfu/g) was
found in 12.0% of salad samples while E coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. were not detected in any
of the samples. Body mass index (BMI) of elderly men and women were 26.59±4.58 kg/m2 and
30.07±6.32 kg/m2, respectively. Waist circumference of elderly men and women were 98.90±1.33 cm
and 100.62±1.34 cm, respectively. Most of the elderly were overweight based on BMI, at risk of
metabolic diseases based on waist circumference. Mid upper arm circumference of most of the elderly
men is under 5th percentile. Of the elderly, 49.1% were at risk of malnutrition while 6.7% had
malnutrition. Mean MNA score of elderly men was higher than women (23.27±3.58, 21.57±3.63,
respectively) (p<0.001). Most of the elderly were overweight, obese and abdominal obese while
malnutrition risk was high. Calcium and magnesium intakes of elderly were inadequate according to
the requirements. Elders were generally satisfied from nutritional services. It was concluded that
nutritional services and food safety practices should be improved in the institutions foodservice staff
should be regularly educated, microbiological quality of salads should be promoted for health of
elderly and nutritional status of elderly should be continually monitored in the institutions.
